It's a waste of time and energy.那是浪费时间和精力。You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge.你们所有人都充满了活力和对知识的渴望。We should devote our energy to the career.我们应该致力于这项事业。In the future outer space might provide us with new energy sources.未来外太空也许能为我们提供新能源。solar/nuclear energy 太 阳能； 核能an energy crisis 能源危机【拓展】(1) energetic /,ens'd3etik/ adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的He is hardworking and energetic. 他工作努力，精力充沛。He seemed an energetic leader.他似乎是精力充沛的领导。I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic.我想我更喜欢不太剧烈的活动。【高考链接】Running is cheap, easy and it's always(energy). (2018 全国卷 IT69)答案及解析：energetic考查词性转换。句意：跑步既便宜又容易，而且总是精力充沛。本
题与前面的cheap 和easy 对应作表语，需要用 energy 的形容词形式，故答案为energetic。(2) energetically / ens^etklf adv.精力充沛地，积极地He had worked energetically all day on his new book. 他整天都劲头十足地写他的新书。5.SOU1 / S9O1 /n.灵魂；心灵This classical movie touched my heart /soul.这部经典影片触动我的心/灵魂。May God have mercy on your soul.愿上帝宽恕你的灵魂。May his soul rest in peace!让他的灵魂安息吧！He stood helplessly, like a lost soul.他束手无策地站着，活像丢魂失魄似的。heart and soul全心全意We should serve the people heart and soul.我们应该全心全意为人民服务。They threw themselves heart and soul into the project.他们全心全意地投入了 这个项目。
sell one9s soul出卖灵魂（或良心）She sold her soul for money.她为金钱而出卖灵魂。Some politicians sold their soul for the sake of office.有些政客为了 谋求官位而不择手段。6. bagpipes / b^gpaips /n.风笛Bagpipes are a musical instrument that is traditionally played in Scotland.风笛是苏格兰传统的乐器。7. stringed / ' stngd / adj.有弦的stringed instrument 弦乐器Violin is a stringed instrument played with a bow.小提琴是用弦演奏的一种弦乐器。8. virtual/‘V3：皿。1/adj.很接近的；事实上的；虚拟的The country was sliding into a state of virtual civil war.这个国家实际上正逐渐进入内战状态。He married a virtual stranger.他娶了一位几乎素不相识的女子。The players can compete in a virtual world of role playing.玩家在一个虚拟世界中扮演角色互相拼杀。virtual choir虚拟合唱团The man who came 叩 with the idea for a virtual choir.提出虚拟合唱团想法的人。（P52）9. composition / kumpo zifh /n.① [U]作曲；创作The place where he studied musical composition.他学习音乐创作的地方。（P52） There are many forms of musical composition.音乐创作的形式是多种多样的。② [C]（音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品Mozart's compositions are undoubtedly among the world's greatest.莫扎特的作品无疑位居世界上最伟大的作品之列。The Ninth Symphony is one of Beethoven's finest compositions.《第九交响曲》是贝多芬最优美的音乐作品之一。③ [C]作文；小论文
Make an outline before trying to write a composition.写作文之前先写个提仑冈。Apart from some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good.除了一些拼写错误，这篇文章写得很不错。④ [U]成分；构成Scientists study the composition of the soil.科学家研究土壤的构成。We examined the rock to find out its composition.我们检验了这一石块，想弄清它的构成成分。lO.opportunity /,DpStju:noti/n.机会；时机Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.想象一下你独自在家就有机会与数百人一起歌唱。（P52）Five years ago, he was finally given an opportunity to record his song at a studio.五年前，他终于
有机会在录音室录制他的歌曲。（P53）You must make use of any opportunity to practice English.你一定要利用任何机会来练习英语。I want to see more opportunities for young people.我希望年轻人能有更多机会。We take this opportunity to express our sincere appreciation of your help.借此机会我们对你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。You'll have the opportunity to ask/ of asking any questions at the end.你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。11. perform /po'fam/① vt. & vi.表演；演出Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. 虚拟合口昌团成员在
单独录制视频的同时进行录制他们自己。（P52）The play was first performed in 1987.这个剧于 1987 年首次上演。I'm looking forward to seeing you perform in the party .我期待着看你演出。② vt.做；履行；执行A computer can perform many difficult tasks.电脑能做许多困难的工作。perform an experiment/ an operation /a ceremony 做实验/做手术/举行仪式③ vi.表现；运行perform well/badly/poorly （人）表现好/差；（事物）运转好/不好He performed badly in his exams.他考试没考好。The engine seems to be performing well.发动机4以乎运转正常。The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。12. performance /pQ’famons/ n.① [C]表演；演奏Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance.受到启发，他让歌迷们制作视频，然后将视频合并到一个表演中。（P52）Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.后来，他们可能在酒吧或者俱乐部里演出，这样他们可以得到现金。His performance of Hamlet was very good.他将哈姆雷特演绎得非常棒。put on a performance 上演On National Day, our class put on a wonderful performance.国庆节那天，我们班作了精采的表演。② [U]表现；执行His performance in the exams was disappointing. 他的考试成绩令人失望。【高考链接】Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best（perform） to this day. （2016 浙江卷 语
法填空）答案：performance句意：神奇的是，那场演出仍然是大詹森迄今为止最好的一场演出。根
据语境可矢口用名词形式 performance。13.performer /pSfamo（r）/n. [C]表演者；演员；执行者
The performer performed very well, and her performance was popular with the audience.这个表演者表演得非常好，她的表演深受观众的欢迎。Beethoven, Schumann and Chopin were leading romantic composers.贝多芬、舒曼及肖邦是最主要的浪漫主义作曲家。TOYOTA is the star performer of the motor industry this year.丰田汽车在本年度汽车行业中出类拔萃。14.onto /‘Dnto/prep.（朝）向These videos are uploaded onto the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you
can see online一a virtual choir.这些视频被上传到网上，然后被整合成一个你可以在线观看的
视频——一个虚拟合唱团。（P52）Move the books onto the second shelf.把书移到第二层架子上。She stepped down from the train onto the platform.她走下火车来到站台上。The state power has fallen onto people's hands.政权落在人民手里了。Lefs move onto something else.让我们谈点别的吧。15.studio fstju^iou/ n,演播室；（音乐的）录音棚；工作室You do not even need a studio.你甚至不需要录音棚。（P52）Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires!当然，他们希望在录音棚里录音，然后卖掉上百万张碟，从而成为百万富翁。She works for a major Hollywood studio.她为好莱坞一家大电影公司工作。a television studio 电视演播室a recording studio 录音棚16.ordinary / '0：dnri / adj.普通的；平凡的A virtual choir helps connect ordinary people together.虚拟合唱团有助于将普通人联系在一起。
（P52）Ever since, his success has shown the world that even ordinary people can become famous.
从此，他的成功已经向世人表明，即使是普通人也能成名。（P53）Physical exercise should be part of ordinary life.体育锻炼理应是日常生活的一部分。I recommend this novel because it is written in ordinary language.我推荐这本小说是因为它是用平凡的语言写成的。The meal was very ordinary.这顿饭平常得很。It was just an ordinary weekend for us.对我们来说，这只是一个平常的周末。17.enable / i neibl/ vt.使能够；使可能A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of
the global community.虚拟合唱团使他们能够将自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，并成为
全球社区的一部分。（P52）Listening to music enables me to relax and forget about my problems. 听音乐能让我放松，忘记
我的问题。（P53）The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。There is a new programme to enable older people to study at college.有一个使老年人有机会在大学学习的新计划。The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。【拓展】able /'e由1/ adj.能；能够He may be able to leave hospital early next week.他下周初也许就可以出院了。The older child should be able to prepare a simple meal那个年纪稍大的孩子应当会做一顿简单的饭菜。18. prove / pru:v /◎ vt.证明；展现It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.事实证明，这对许多人的生
活产生了积极影响。（P52）This proves that all the effort she put into her work was worth it.这证明她为工作付出的一切努
力都是值得的。（P53）Margaret proved herself to be a good mother.玛格丽特证明了自己是个好妈妈。He proved his theory by doing experiments.他通过做试验证实了 他的理论。©linking verb证明是；原来是；结果是（不用被动语态）His theory proved （to be） wrong.他的理论证明是错误的。The canal has proved useful to the county in many ways.这条水渠给这个县带来的好处是多方面的。19. award /o'wo:d/©n.[C]奖；奖品；奖金The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. 虚拟合
唱团是屡获殊荣的作曲家兼指挥家埃里克•惠塔克的创意。（P52）My favourite singer just won a music award.我最喜欢的歌手刚获得一个音乐奖。（P53）
He won the best actor award.他获得最佳演员奖。to win/receive/get an award for sth因某事赢得/得到/获得奖项Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西
瓜或最帅的公鸡。◎vt.授予；判定Every year our school awards scholarships to the excellent students.每年我们学校向优秀学生授予奖学金。He was awarded damages of £50 000.他判得损害赔偿金5万英镑。20. composer/kom'pQoz0（r）/n.作曲者；作曲家a classical composer古典音乐作曲家Who is the composer of the song?这首歌是谁谱的曲？Beethoven was a German composer and pianist.贝多芬是一位德国的作曲家和钢琴家。【拓展】compose/ksm'psuz/v.作曲；创作（音乐、诗歌等）Can you compose music on the computer?你可以在电脑上作曲吗？She began to compose songs at an early age.她年轻时就已开始创作歌曲。The scene moved him to compose a poem.他即景生情，赋诗一首。21 .conductor / kon'dAkto（r） /n.（乐队、合唱团等的）指挥；（公共汽车的）售票员She was a success both as a pianist and as a conductor.她是出色的钢琴家和指挥家。Who is the conductor of tonights concert?谁是今晚音乐会的指挥？There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the conductor.那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事，有个人和售票员打了起来。22.fall in love with 爱上He fell in love with Mozarfs classical music when he sang for the university choir, 当他为大学
合唱团唱歌时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。（P52）They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱。In the film, a beautiful girl fell in love with a beast.在这部影片中，美女爱上了野兽。【辨析】fall in love with sb. / sth.禾口 be in love with sb. / sth.1. fall in love with sb. / sth.强调动作，是结束性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。They fell in love with each other last year.他们去年相爱的。2. be in love with sb. /sth.强调状态，是延续性动词，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。They have been in love with each other for ten years.他4'］才目爱十年 了。23.original /o ndjonl /©adj.原来的；独创的；原作的
Over the next 10 years, Whitacre9s original compositions began to become quite popular among
choirs and singers.在接下来的十多年里，惠塔克的原创作品在合唱团和歌手中开始流行。（P52）The original settlers here are the Indians.最早在这里定居的是印第安人。This house has been returned to the original owner.这幢房子已经归还了 原主。The original painting is now worth 800 dollars,这幅画的原作现在值 800 美元。©n.原件；原作This painting is a copy; the original is in the museum.这幅画是复制品，原画在博物馆里。Please check the copy against the original.请对照原件把抄件核对一下。【拓展】（1） originally /s'ndjsnsli/ adv.原来；起初This new pop song reminded me of an old song that was originally sung by Billy White but
later made popular by another singer.这首新流行歌曲使我想起了一首老歌，它最初是比利•怀
特唱的，后来又被另一位歌手唱得流行起来。（P53）Originally, we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece.我们本来打算去意大利，但后来获得机会去了希腊。The castle was originally surrounded by a stone wall, only one of which remains.这座城堡最初由石头墙环绕而成，现在仅存一道。（2） origin/ 'nndsin/n.起源；源头；出身；身世Many words in the English language are French in origin.英语中 的许多词源于法语。They talked about some theories of the origin of life.他们讨论了 几种生命起源理论。He is considered to be of noble origin.人们都认为他出身高贵。24. phenomenon / fo'nnminon / n. （pl. phenomena）现象Since then, the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon,从那时起，虚拟合唱团已成
为一种全球现象。（P52）Globalization is a phenomenon of the 21st century.全球化是 21 世纪的现象。The picture describes a very common phenomenon in our society.这幅画描述了我们的社会中一个很常见的现象。cultural/natural/social / global phenomena 文化 / 自然 / 社会/ 全球现象25. stage /steid]/ n.（发展或进展的）时期；阶段；（多指剧场中的）舞台Whitacre's next effort was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was first seen on stage on
23 July 2014 in the UK.惠塔克的第二个壮举是打造联合国儿童基金会“虚拟青年合唱团”，该
合唱团于2014年7月23日在英国首次亮相。（P52）His wife used to be an actress, but she said goodbye to the stage when they married.他的妻子以前是个演员，结婚就离开舞台了。China's High-speed Railway industry has entered a rapid growing stage of development.中国的高铁工业进入了一个高速增长的发展阶段。【注意】stage做先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，引导词用whereoThe world is a stage where every one must play a part.世界是一个舞台，每个人在台上都必须扮演一个角色。We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.我们已经到了一个几乎没有任何权利的阶段。26. altogether / Q：ltQ‘9eBo（r）/adv.（用以强调）全部；总共；总之Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre ,s song \"What If'. 总
共有来自80个国家的2292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。（P52）The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.火车愈来愈慢，最后完全停了。I am not altogether happy about the decision.我对这个决定并不十分满意。You owe me £68 altogether.你一共欠我 68 英镑。The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.吃的不错，音乐我们也喜欢。总之，那天晚上过得非常愉快。【辨析】altogether 和 all togetheraltogetherAltogether means 'in total'or'completely'.意为\"总共”或\"完全地\"。We have invited fifty people altogether,我们共邀请了五十人。I don't altogether agree with you.我不完全同意你的意见。all togetherAll together means 'all in one place' or 'all at once'.意为\"全部在同一地方\"
或“同一时间”。表示“所有的一起，一道”。Can you put your books all together in this box?你能把你的书都放进这个箱子里吗？Lefs sing 'Happy Birthday9. All together now!咱们来唱“生日快乐”。现在一起唱！They are all together at the playground.他们大家都在操场上呢。27.thus / Qas / adv.如此；因此The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus
make the world a better place.虚拟合唱团是让全国各地的人用同一个声音唱歌，从而使整个
世界变得更美好的绝妙方式。（P52）The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education.大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育。Most of the evidence is destroyed. Thus, it*s impossible to prove that the drug is harmful.大部分证据都被毁了。因此，不可能证明这种药物是有害的。L 辨析】so , therefore 和 thusso因此，所以最普通用词，一般用于比较随便的场合，尤用于口语。She's not feeling well, so she wants to stay in bed.她感到不适，所以想卧床休息。Billy hit me, so I gave him back tit for tat.比利打了我，所以我也以牙还牙打了他。therefore 因 匕，
通常用于引出某一推断性的结论，与前述内容有因果关系。This house is smaller and therefore cheaper.所以这所房子要小一点，所以价格也就便宜一些。They have a growing population and therefore need more food.他们的人口在增长，因此他们需要更多的食物。thus因此，从而与therefore基本同义，但多用于书面语中。Mary studied hard; thus she received high marks.玛丽用功读书，因此获得高分。She forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the programme.
她忘了打开收音机，因此错过了那个节目。28.band / baend /n.乐队；带子Last night I went to see my friend's new rock band perform on stage at a small local music festival.
昨晚我去看我朋友的新摇滚乐队在当地一个小型音乐节上登台表演。（P53）Local bands provide music for dancing.当地的乐队为跳舞伴乐。a rock/jazz band 摇滚 / 爵士乐队a military band 军乐队29. rap / raep /◎ n.快速敲击；说唱音乐I fell in love with rap music when I was a teenager.我十几岁时就爱上了说唱音乐。（P53） For some people, rap is just so much noise.对某些人来说，说唱乐简直就是噪音。There was a sharp rap on the door.有人在重重地急促敲门。©vi. &vt.敲击；（说唱歌中的）念白She rapped angrily on the door.她怒气冲冲地敲着门。He rapped the table with his pen.他用钢笔敲了敲桌子。The kids of the band not only rapped but also sang.乐队成员不仅表演说唱音乐还唱了歌。30. nowadays / nauodeiz / adv.现在；目前Nowadays millions of musical performances are uploaded into the Internet every day.
如今每天数以百万计的音乐表演被上传到互联网上。（P53）Nowadays most kids prefer watching TV to reading.现在大多数孩子都喜欢看电视而不喜欢读书。Nowadays smartphones are used even in remote mountainous regions.现在连偏僻的山区也用上了智能手机。31. gradual /'gr&dsuol/adj.逐渐的；渐进的Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness. 尽
管演出后不久他就逐渐失明了，亨利仍然能作曲，并且他发现创作音乐是他疾病的一种解脱
和治疗。（P54）There has been a gradual increase in the number of people owning cars.拥有汽车的人数在逐渐
增加。Losing weight is a slow, gradual process.减肥是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。Recovery from the disease is very gradual.这种疾病的康复过程缓慢。【拓展】gradually /'graed3O91i/ adv.逐渐地；逐步地It is reported that the number of new infections has gradually decreased.据才艮道，新感染的人数
已逐步减少。The weather gradually improved.天气逐渐好转。Gradually, the children began to understand the importance of study.孩子们渐渐开始明白学习的重要性。The girl used to be shy, but is gradually getting active in group work and is more willing to
express herself,那个女孩过去很害羞，但逐渐对团队合作变得积极，并且更愿意表达自己的
想法。【高考链接】Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which（gradual） turned into
chopsticks. （2016 年全国卷 III 语法填空）答案：gradually考查形容词、副词的正确使用。句意：小块的食物很容易用树枝夹着吃，这
些树枝，慢，慢演变为筷子。彳彦饰动词短语 turned into, 应用副词形式 gradually。32. capable / 'keipobl / adj.有能力的；有才能的She*s a very capable teacher.她是一位能力很强的教师。My mother is a strong, capable woman.我妈妈是个健壮、能干的女人。He is capable of doing everything.他什么事都能干。The hall is capable of holding about three hundred people.这个大厅能容纳大约三百人。【拓展】（1） capability /,keips'bilati/ n.能力;才能；capability to do sth/of doing sth 干某事的能力Mary has the capability to become/of becoming an excellent teacher.玛丽有能力成为一名出色的教师。Animals in the zoo have lost the capability to catch/of catching food for themselves.动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。（2） incapable /in'keipsbl/ adj.没有能力（做某事）He is an incapable person and he can do nothing.他是个没有能力的人，他什么也不会做。The children seem to be totally incapable of working by themselves.孩子们好像完全不能独自做事。【注意】前缀in-表示否定意义“不，无，非”。33. relief/ri'li:〃n.（焦虑的、痛苦的）减轻或消除；（不快过后的）宽慰、轻松或解脱a sense of relief 解脱感methods of pain relief消除疼痛的办法the relief of suffering 痛苦的消除a relief agency/organization/worker 救助机构 / 组织 / 工作者News of their safety came as a great relief.他们平安的消息给大家带来了巨大的安慰。I felt a great relief when 1 heard I had passed the examination.听说已经通过了考试，我感到轻松多了。It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。International organizations have also rushed relief supplies and medical personnel to Wuhan .国际组织已将救援物资和医务人员火速运往武汉。in relief如释重负；松了口气In relief he lay down and fell asleep.松了 口气，他躺下，睡着了。After getting through CET4,1 breathed a sigh in relief.考完四级考试，我终于轻松地舒了一口气。。to one怎relief令人感到欣慰的是To my great relief / Much to my relief, the car was not damaged.令我非常欣慰的是，车并没有损坏。34.cure /kjua/◎ vt.治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题）Will you be able to cure him, Doctor?医生，你能把他治好吗？She was cured with a new medicine. 一种新药治好了她的病。On.药物；治疗；（解决问题；改善糟糕情况的）措施When the novel coronavirus first broke out in Wuhan, neither its cause nor its cure was understood.当新型冠状病毒首次在武汉爆发时，人们既不了解它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。This new drug should bring about a cure.这种新药应该能够治愈这种疾病。There is still no cure for cancer.尚没有治疗癌症的特效药。Punishment can never be an effective cure for social problems...惩罚绝不是解决社会问题的有效办法。【辨析】cure与treatcure通常强调结果，指治愈
There is no way to cure this disease.
某种疾病或某人的疾病现在没有办法治愈这种疾病。The doctor failed to cure his cough.医生治不好他的咳嗽。treat通常强调过程，指对病
The boy was treated for a minor head wound
人进行诊断和治疗，但 那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。It is said that the plant can be used to treat many diseases.不含治好的意思据说那种植物可用来治疗很多疾病。The condition is usually treated with drugs and a strict
diet.这种病通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。35.absorbed in sth/sb被...吸引住；专心致志When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could \"see\" the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.当他全神贯注于他的音乐世界时，他觉得，就像以
前一样，他仿佛能“看到'凋围世界的美丽。（P54）He was completely absorbed in reading and forgot even to take his meal.他只顾看书，连饭都忘了吃All the students are absorbed in Professor's lecture on China's economy.所有的学生都全神贯注于教授对中国经济的演讲。He found the girl absorbed in watching the cartoon.他发现这女孩全神贯注于卡通片。【拓展】absorb /ab'soib/ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心The second theory suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒吸入体内的。Plant trees in your garden, as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air.在你的花园里栽种树木，它们能吸收空气中的二氧化碳。This work had absorbed him for several years.这项工作曾使他痴迷了好几年。previous36. /'pri:vios / adj.先前的；以往的
No previous experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需才目关的经验。She has a teenage daughter from a previous marriage...她前一段婚姻有一个十几岁的女儿。She expressed agreement with the previous speaker.她表示同意前一位发言人的意见。The year's harvest is better than any previous year's.今年的收成比以往哪年都好。【拓展】previously /'pri:vi9sli/ adv.先前;以前;(一段时间)以前I haven't met him previously.我以前没有见过他。She previously worked as a teacher.她过去当过教师。Six months previously he had quitted his job.6 个月 前他舌辛职 了。Previously our mountain area is poor .先前咱们山区很穷。37.unemployed / Amm phid / adj.失业的；待业的Dave was unemployed so he had time to consider what job he really wanted.戴夫失业了，所以他有时间考虑他真正想要的工作。(P54)How long have you been unemployed?你失业多久了 ？The longer people have been unemployed, the harder it is for them tocompete in the labour market.失业时间越长，就越难在劳动力市场与别人竞争。【拓展】(1) employ /irn'phi/ vt.雇用;利用(时间、精力等)Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?雇用他们在公园里工作而不伤害动物吗？More than 3,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry3,000余名当地人受雇于旅游业。For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.三年来他一直受雇当消防员。(2) employee /im'ploii:/n. [C] 雇工，雇员The firm has over 500 employees.这家公司有 500 多名雇员。He wants to start his own business instead of being a government employee.他想自己创业，不想吃皇粮。(3) employer/im'pl9i9(r)/n. [C]雇主，老板He is a very good employer who treats the employees well.他是非常好的雇主，对待雇员很好。My employer threatened to dismiss me because of my request for more money .由于我加薪的请求，老板威胁要解雇我。(4) employment/im'ploimont/ n. [C,U]雇用； 职业；就业full-time/part-time employment 全职 / 兼职工作Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find employment.毕业生感到找工作越来越难。The government is aiming at full employment.政府在力求达到全面就业。38.romantic / rau'maentik/©adj.浪漫的
The girl was moved by his romantic words so she accepted his gift.那女孩被他的浪漫言辞所感动，所以她接受了他的礼物。（P54）Why don't you ever give me flowers? I wish you'd be more romantic.你为什么从来不给我送花？我真希望你能浪漫一点。Keats is one of the greatest Romantic poets.济慈是最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。The rose is the most romantic of flowers, beloved of poets, singers, andartists.玫瑰是最浪漫的花，深受诗人、歌手和艺术家的喜爱。a romantic candlelit dinner 浪漫的烛光晚餐romantic stories/fiction/comedy 言情故事 / 小说 / 喜剧romantic music 富有情调的音乐©n.浪漫的人He was a romantic at heart and longed for adventure.他骨子里是一位浪漫的人，渴望历险。You're a hopeless romantic.你是一个无可救药的浪漫主义者。39.album / ' selbom / n.相册；集邮簿；音乐专辑The album was recorded in a new way so it was expected to be popular with techno fans.这张专辑是用一种新的方式录制的，因此，它有望受到泰克诺音乐迷的欢迎。（P54）a photo album 相册the band's latest album 这个乐队的最新专辑4O.impact©n. /'impaekt/巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities.作为一支成功的乐队被人所熟知，“冲击力乐队”成员表现出不少惊人的素质。（P54）have an impact on 对...
有影口向Ifs an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact on mylife.很荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响我的人生的。（P56）Dolly's appearance had a great impact on the media and public imagination.多莉羊的出现对媒
体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。make an impact （on）（对...
）产生影响It's the little things in life that make an impact.这是一些小事情在生活中产生了重大的影响。China has the largest potential to make an impact.但中国最有潜力发挥一定的作用。This financial crisis is starting to make an impact on the market.这次金融危机开始给市场带来一定的冲击。©V /mfp缶kt/有影响，有作用；冲击；撞击Her father's death impacted greatly on her childhood years.父亲去世对她的童年造成巨大影响。The company's performance was impacted by the high value of the pound.公司的业绩受到了英镑高值的冲击。41.aim /eim/©n. [C]目标；目的；瞄准Their aim will be to produce as much milk as possible.他们的目标是尽可能提高牛奶产量。During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画
家的主要任务就是把宗教的主题表现出来。Bob*s one aim in life is to earn a lot of money.鲍勃唯一的人生目标就是挣很多的钱。Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims .要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。Her aim was good and she hit the lion with her first shot.她瞄得准，第一枪就打中了 狮子。 with the aim of怀着希望She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。©vi. & vt.① (向某方向)努力aim at/for sth力求达到Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory.充满团队精神，他们作为一个整体，始终以荣誉为目标。(P54)He is aiming for the 100 metres world record.他志在打破 100 米世界纪录。The government is aiming at full employment.政府在力求达到全面就业。aim to do /at doing sth 力争做至UThe government is aiming to reduce/ at reducing unemployment by 50%.政府正力争减少50%的失业人数。Students should aim to become more independent of their teachers.
学生应该努力逐渐减少对老师的依赖。② 瞄准I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.我对准树射击，不料误中 了 汽车。The solider only aimed his gun but did not shoot.这名 士兵只是举枪瞄准，没有射击。◎ vt.目的是；旨在We aim to help disabled students to live and study independently.我们旨在帮助残疾学生尽可能独立地生活和学习。The school aims to guide and help students to live a happy life.学校会引领并帮助学生如何快乐地生活。be aimed at目的是；旨在；针对The book is aimed at very young children.这本书的对象是幼童。These measures are aimed at protecting the environment.这些措施旨在保护环境。And my blog is aimed at helping you improve your English.我的博客旨在帮助你提高英语水平。【拓展】(1) aimless /'eimlss/ adj.没有方向的;无目标的;无计划的The young man is leading an aimless life, drinking all the day.这位年轻人过着没有目标的生活，整天醉生梦死。Police said that the attack was an act of aimless violence.警方说这次袭击是无目标的暴力行为。(2) aimlessly /'eimlisli/ adv.无目的地，毫无目标地；漫不经心地：She wandered aimlessly around the streets.她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。While she waited, she walked aimlessly around the car park.她等待的时候，在停车场附近漫无目的地走着。Don't argue aimlessly. Let's sit down and talk things over.别漫无边际地争论了。我们坐下来讨论一下吧。42. set sth up① 安装好（设备或机器）set叩equipment安装好设备（P55）I set up the computer so that I could work from home.我把电脑设置好，这样我就可以在家办公了。② 设立；建立A new government was set up after the war.新政府于战后成立。In 1952,Nelson Mandela set up law office to help poor black people.1952年，曼德拉建立法律办公室帮助贫穷的黑人。The government encouraged people to set up their own business. 政府鼓励全民仓寸业。The moment they arrived there, they began to set up the tent.他们一到那里就开始搭建帐篷。
China has set up a number of reserves to protect bamboo areas and , as a result, the number of
pandas has increased.中国建立了若干个竹林保护区，因此，大熊猫在数量上有所增长。 I'm sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.我相信你知道这个组织的成立就是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人的。③ 准备；安排They arrived early to set up their tables before the guests appeared.他们早到了，在客人抵达前把餐桌准备好了。Get in touch with Jim and set 叩 a meeting for next week.联系~*下吉姆，安排下星期开会。43. equipment /i'kwipmont/n.设备；装备（不可数名词）office equipment办公室设备First, he bought new equipment for the kitchen.首先他买了 新的厨房设备。The equipment is checked on a regular basis .设备定期进行检查。【拓展】equip /i kwip/ vt. （equipped, equipped, equipping） 装备； 配备； 使具备We must equip the army for the modern war,我们必须装备军队打现代化战争。Your education will equip you to earn a good living.你所受的教育将使你能过上好日子
equip ... with ... （for sth） （为）用...配备/装备Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.请准备一枝尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试.We want to equip our children with some special skills.我们要使我们的小孩具有某些特殊才能。be equipped with ...用...配备/装备Our classroom is equipped with computers.我们的教室配备 了 计算机。The more you learn, the more equipped for life you are.你学得知识越多，就越为生活打下基础。44. try out① 参加...选拔（或试演）Who can try out as a performer?谁可以参加演员选拔？ （P55）Last year she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年她决定去参加了一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。② 测试；试验I think I'll try out his way too some time.我想改天我也试一试他的方法。I'm always pleased to try out a new variety. 我一直乐于尝试新产品。45. talent /'taehnt/n,天才；天资；天赋（=gift）What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?那些认为自己没有音乐天赋的人
怎么做 （P55）Who's Got Talent?谁有才华？It*s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.观看别人展示他们的才艺总是有趣的。Hard work beats a talent when the talent fails to work hard. - Kevin Durant当天才不努力时，努力可以击倒天才。——凯文•杜兰特You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.真的需要很多才能和努力工作，你才
能成功。His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
have a talent/gift for 有...天赋She is proud that both her children have a talent/gift for music.她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐
天赋而自豪。America's Got Talent 美国达人秀China's Got Talent 中国达人秀【拓展】talented /'taehntid/ adj.有才能的；有才干的（=gifted ）I think a good friend is talented/ gifted in music, too.我认为一个好朋友也要有音乐天赋。（P20）
Everyone is good at something, but some people are truly talented/ gifted, 每一个人者S有擅长的
事，但是有些人确实有天赋。a talented/ gifted musician/player/ dancer etc.天才的音乐家/运动员/舞者等
talented/ gifted children 天资聪慧的孩子46. piano /pfaenoo/n.钢琴（复数：pianos）John, you can play the piano.约翰，你可以弹钢琴。（P55）—How often do you have piano lessons?你多久上一次钢琴课？—Twice a week, on Wednesday and Friday. 一周两次，周三和周五上。【注意】play与乐器名词搭配，乐器名词前要加定冠词the。Can you play the guitar/ the violin?你会弹吉他/拉小提琴吗？【拓展】pianist /'pianist/ n.钢琴弹奏者;钢琴家Beethoven was not only a pianist, but also a composer.贝多芬不仅是钢琴家，而且还是作曲家。When I was young I dreamed of becoming a pianist.我小时候梦想能成为一名钢琴家。47. assume /Ssju:m/vt.以为；假设；假装So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?所以我能不能假设这个音乐节的
目的是为了筹集资金？ （P55）Don't always assume the worst.别总往最坏处想。He tried hard to assume a natural expression.他用尽全力在脸上装出一副坦然的表情来。I had assumed him to be a Belgian.我本以为他是比利时人。Let us assume that it is true.先让我们假设这是对的。I didn't see your cell phone, so I assumed you'd left.我没看见你的手机，所以我以为你离开了。It is reasonable to assume （that） the economy will continue to improve.认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。【拓展】assuming /9'sju:mig/ conj. 假设…为真;假如Assuming that Dad agrees, when do you want to shop for a new car?假设爸爸同意，你打算什么时候买新汽车？Assuming that the work will be finished ahead of time, what should we do next?假定这份工作提前完成，下一步我们该怎么做？Assuming it rains tomorrow morning, what shall we do?如果明天早上天下雨，我们该做什么呢？48. addition /o difn/ n.添加；加法；增加物The sign stands for addition. 号代表相加。The baby is a happy addition to her family.小宝宝的到来为她的家庭增添了喜悦。This is the latest addition to the company's range of automobiles.这是该公司汽车系列的新增款式。in addition to sb/th 除...
以外（还）How else could you help in addition to what has already been mentioned?除了已经提到的，你还能帮别的什么忙吗？ （P55）In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.除了每周的薪水外,我还能得到不少小费。In addition to the killed and wounded, many people were missing.除了伤亡之夕卜，还有许多人失
踪。in addition 另外；也In addition, computer is also very helpful for study and work.此外，电脑对他们的学习和工作也是很有帮助的。You need skills to do the work well; in addition, you need patience.干好这份工作你需要技能，此外还需要耐心。【昙辛析】in addition 禾口 in addition toin addition和in addition to这两个词组都可表示“除了，此夕卜，另，又，还”等意思，用来表示两
个事物或动作之间的增补关系.in addition 相当于副词，单独使用做状语=additionally/furthermore/besidesin addition to相当于介词,to后常加名词、代词或动名词等作宾语In addition to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical
experience.=The course gives a general introduction to computers. In addition, it provides practical
experience.课程除了介绍一般电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的机会.49.disease /di'zi:z/ n.（疾）病 （二illness）Two years ago, I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult to cure. 两年前, 我得知I 我
患了严重疾病，难以治愈。（P56）It is not known what causes the disease.这种病的起因不明。He suffers from a rare blood disease.他患有一种罕见的血液病。an infectious/contagious disease 传染病；接触性传染病【辨析】disease和illnessdisease多用于指具体的、感染所致的较严重的身体疾病，尤其是影响身体器官的疾
病。也可以指社会某一群体的“弊病，恶习”。heart/liver/kidney, etc. disease 心脏病/肝病/肾病等The novel coronavirus is a infectious disease.新型冠状病毒是一种传染性疾病。We must take measures to prevent the spread of the disease.我们必须采取措施预防疾病传播。He suffered from a stomach disease.他有胃病。Greed is a disease of modem society,贪婪是现代社会的恶疾。illness指重病或小病均可，也可指精神上的疾病。You have to ask for leave if you take off work due to illness.如果你因病没去上班，你得请假。His grandfather is recovering from a short illness.他祖父不久前生病，目前正在逐渐康复。She died after a long illness.她久病不愈而亡。mental illness 精神病5O.ache / eik / vi. & n.疼痛My body ached all the time and thus I thought I didn't have much longer to live.我的身体一直
在疼痛，所以我以为我活不了多久了。（P56）Her eyes ached from lack of sleep.她的眼睛因睡眠不足而隐隐作痛。Every bone in my body seems to ache.我全身疼痛。It makes my heart ache to see such waste.这么浪费，叫人看了 心疼。She felt a dull ache in her shoulder.她感到肩胛隐隐作痛。I have an ache in my stomach.我胃痛。【注意】ache常和身体某部位的名词构成复合词，表示“（身体某部位的）疼痛”。headache /stomachache/toothache 头痛/ 胃痛/牙痛51. treatment /'tri: tmont/ n.① [C;U]治疗；疗法Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment.后来有一天，我不得不接受了
两小时的治疗。（P56）The new drug is a highly effective treatment of the disease.这种新药对于这种病的治疗效果非
常显著。This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferers.这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。There are various treatments available for this disease.对这种病情有各种疗法。② [U]对待；处理We'll give her some VIP treatment and roll out the red carpet.我们将给予她贵宾级礼遇，并且为她铺设红地毯。His treatment of the animal was cruel.他对待这只动物很残忍。【拓展】treat /tri:t/◎ vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands.（ P38）约翰就用这些东西把斯莱德手上最严重的伤口包扎起来。ril treat you to lunch some other day.改天我请你吃午饭。Ifs a shame to treat animals like that.那样对待动物真是太过分了。treat...as...把...
作为....对待He treated his mistake as a joke.他把他的错误当作玩笑看待。◎ n. [C]款待；招待We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子们到动物园去。52. from （then） on 从（那）时起The song made me feel so much better that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. 这
首歌让我感觉好多了，从那时起，我开始一直听音乐。（P56）Jack failed his exams last term and from then on his parents stopped him from playing computer games.杰克上学期考试不及格，从那时起他的父母就不再让他玩电脑游戏了。from now on 从现在起From now on well study hard.从现在起，我们要好好学习.From now on you are my new partner.从现在开始你就是我的合作伙伴了。We hope from now on there will be more exchanges between our two peoples.希望今后两国人民之间有更多的交往。53.lean / li：n / vt. (leant/leaned)依靠；倾斜It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. 它是我所依靠的
岩石，它让我变得坚强，并度过了那些艰难的岁月。(P56)I leaned back in my chair.我仰靠在椅背上。She walked slowly, leaning on her son's arm.她倚靠着她儿子的手臂缓慢行走。Can I lean my bike against the wall?我能把自行车靠在这墙上吗？It is dangerous to lean out of the window while the bus is in motion.行车时探身窗外是危险的。
lean on sb/sth 依靠，依赖 (=depend on/ rely on)He leans heavily on his family.他在很大程度上依赖他的家庭。Now they cannot stand on their own, they want somebody to lean on.现在他们不能自己站立，他们想要依赖着某人。54. get through① (设法)处理；完成I don't know how we're going to get through all this work by tomorrow.我不知道到明天为止我们将如何全部完成这份工作。But how many units can you get through that final stage?但是在最后的阶段有多少单元可以完成呢？② 度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；通过(考试)It is hard to see how people will get through the winter...难以想象人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。Did you have to get through an entrance examination? 你必须要通过入学考试吗？③ 用电话联系上I've been trying to ring up all day and I couldn't get through.我整天都在拨电话，但总是接不通。I rang you several times but wasn't able to get through. 我几次打电话给你,都没有打通。Look, I can't get through to this number. 喂，这个电话我打不通。55. moreover / mo：!1 oovo(r) / adv,而且；此夕卜Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction.而且，音乐给了 我希望和满足感。
(P56)I don't like the house, and moreover; the price is too high.我不喜欢那所房子，此外价钱也太高。 The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the location is perfect,这房租合理，而且地点很合适。
Moreover, I realize it is very important to have a rest at noon.而且，我意识到在中午睡个午觉是非常重要的了。【拓展】moreover的同义词有：(1) what is more 而且；此外It is good book, and what is more, it's quite a cheap one.这是一本好书，而且，价钱又很便宜。
What is more, teachers are more and more respected in China.再者，在中国教师获得越来越多的尊重。(2) furthermore/ ,fe:ds'mo:(r) / adv.此外;而且;再者I don't want to go there, furthermore, I have no time to do so.我不想去那里，而且我也没时间去。Furthermore, the game can also make us relax our mood and reduce thepressure of work and study.再者，这个游戏还可以使人放松心情，减少工作和学习中的压力。(3) in addition另外；此外；并且It's too late to go and see him now; in addition, I don't know the way.现在去找他太晚了，再说我路也不熟。The children made great progress in their study.In addition , they began feeling better about themselves and more confident.孩子们在学习方面取得了很大进步。此外，他们会对自己感觉良好并且变得更为自信。(4) besides /bi'saidz/ adv,况且;再说;此外I have a lot of work to do. Besides, I don't really like parties.我想我星期六不会来。我有好多事要做。再说，我不太喜欢社交聚会。It's too late to go to the football match now; besides, it's beginning to rain.现在去看足球比赛太晚了；况且老天又开始下雨了。satisfaction56. / ^^tis'fekfh /n.满足；满意；欣慰to gain/get/derive satisfaction from sth 从某事中得到满足感a look/smile of satisfaction心满意足的表情/笑容The company is trying to improve customer satisfaction .公司力图改进，让顾客更加满意。Looking at a beautiful painting always gives me a feeling of satisfaction.观看一幅美丽的图画常给我一种满足感。He had the satisfaction of seeing his book become a best-seller.看到自己的作品成了畅销书，他志得意满。He expressed satisfaction with the results.他表达了对结果的满意。to one's satisfaction 使某人满意的是To our satisfaction, the children made great progress in the Hope School.令我们满意的是，孩子们在希望小学取得了很大的进步。with great satisfaction，茜意地When he retired he would be able to look back on his life with satisfaction.当他退休时，他会满
意地回顾自己的生活。【拓展】(1) satisfy/'sgetisfai/ v,使满意;使满足;满足(要求、需要等)I'd like to satisfy you with my excellent service.希望我的服务可以使您满意！We will do everything in our power to satisfy our customers.我们将尽一切努力使顾客满意。As the public transport system can't satisfy people's needs, many people turn to private cars. 因为
公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，许多人转向了私家车。The education system must satisfy the needs of all children.教育系统必须满足所有儿童的需要。(2) satisfied /'saetisfaid/ adj.(人感到)满意的;满足的In the business world a satisfied customer is the best advertisement.在商界满意的顾客是最好的广告。His face wore a satisfied expression,他一脸的心满意足。be satisfied with sb/sth对某人/某物感到满意，满足We are not satisfied with these results.我们对这些结果并不满意。Are you quite satisfied with your new house?你对你的新房子很满意吗？She*s never satisfied with what she's got.她对自己的所得从不感到满足。（3） satisfying /'saetisfanr）/ adj.令人满意（或满足）的So it was very satisfying to get a result.因此能拿到这个结果应该是非常满意了。He shows me some works, none of which is satisfying.他向我展示了一些作品，其中没有一个是令人满意的。Working with her was our most satisfying activity.和她一起工作是最使我们感到满意的活动。【注意】a satisfied expression/look/smile 满意的表情/微笑57. being / 'bi:ig /n.身心；存在；生物It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being.它成
为了我最好的朋友。它让我的内心深受鼓舞。（P56）I hated him with my whole being.我从心底憎恨他。He is positive to believe in the being of god.他对上帝的存在深信不疑。The Irish Free State came into being in 1922.爱尔兰自由邦成立于 1922 年。human beings 人a strange being from another planet 来自另一星球的陌生生物58. various /'veorios/adj.各种不同的；各种各样的At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. 同时，我彳门都会
经历各种悲伤或孤独的时期。（P56）The club provides various activities including tennis, swimming and golf.这家俱乐部的活动丰富多彩，诸如网球、游泳、高尔夫球等。There are various ways of doing this.做这一工作的方法有很多。There has been snow today in various parts of the country,全国许多地方今天都下 了雪。I decided to leave London for various reasons.由于种种原因，我决定离开伦敦。【拓展】variety /vs'raisti/ n,多样；种类;多样化We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化。a variety of? varieties of = various 各种各样的Our city has a variety of / varieties of7 various good shops and supermarkets.我们的城市有各种各样不错的店铺和超级市场。59.somehow /'sAmhau/ adv.以某种方式（或方法）；不知怎么地
I hope all of you will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of your life.
我希望大家能以某种方式都能开始珍惜音乐，并让它融入到你们的生活。(P56)
Don't worry, we911 get the money back somehow.不用担心，我们总会把那些钱拿回来的。Somehow I must get a new job我必须想方设法找份新工作。Somehow we lost our way.不知怎么地，我们就迷路了。Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him.不知为什么，我觉得不能信任他。60. rhetorical / n tnrikl / adj.修辞的Learn to use various rhetorical devices.学习应用英语中的修辞方法。61. metaphor / 'metofo(r) / n.暗喻；隐喻In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.诗歌中常用玫瑰花来隐喻爱情。English and Chinese metaphors are important rhetorical devices in two languages.英语隐喻和汉语隐喻分别属于两种语言中重要的修辞格。62. personification / po^nmfi'keilh / n.拟人；人格化；化身Personification is the act of representing objects or qualities as human beings.拟人是将无生命之物或品质人格化。Audery Hepburn is the personification of natural beauty.奥黛丽。赫本是自然美的化身。And we tend to think of the president as the personification of the nation he leads.而且我们趋向于认为总统是国家的代表。【拓展】person / 'p3：sn/ n, 人； 个人He's quite a serious person他是一个非常一本正经的人。Everyone knows he's the only person who can do the job 都知道他是唯一能做这项工作的人。63. repetition / .repo'tifh / n.重复；重做His books are full of repetition and useless information.他的书充斥着重复和无用的信息。
The little child learns these from constant repetition .孩子从不断的重复中学习这些语言。
Understanding is not enough. You must also have a lot of repetition.只理解还不够，你必须要进行大量的重复。【拓展】repeat /n'pi:t/ v.重复;重做She kept repeating his name softly over and over again.她轻轻地一遍遍地重复着他的名字。
he treatment should be repeated every two to three hours.这种治疗方法应该每隔两到三小时重复一次。64. simile / 'simoli] /n.明喻\"As white as snow\" is a simile.洁白如雪是明喻。'He is as brave as a lion' is a simile. “他像狮子一般勇猛\"是句明喻。* The old lady is a she-devil* is a metaphor. “那个老太婆是个母夜叉”是句暗喻。65.outline / aotlam /©n.概述；概要；轮廓线；略图Before you start, you should write an outline.在开始之前，你应该写一个提纲。He has already made the plan in outline, without any details.他大体制定了 计划，没有细节。
At last we could see the dim outline of an island.我们终于能看到一小岛朦胧的轮廓了。She drew the figures in outline .她简略地勾勒出人物的轮廓。©vt.概述；概要；显示...的轮廓；勾勒...的外形The mayor outlined his plan to clean up the town's image.市长概述了他整顿市容的计划。They saw the huge building outlined against the sky.他们看见了在天空的映衬下那座巨大建筑的轮廓。66.reaction / ri'&kji / n.反应；回应What was his reaction to the news?他对这消息有何反应？He is a skilled driver with quick reactions.他是一个反应敏捷的熟练司机。Common foods which cause this kind of reaction are fish, eggs, and shellfish.引发这种不良反应的常见食物包括鱼、蛋和贝类。a chemical/nuclear reaction 化学 / 核反应【拓展】react / ri'sekt / vi.作出反应；回应；起化学/过敏反应How do you think John will react to her?你认为约翰将对她作出如何反映？
Local people have reacted angrily to the news.当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water,氢和氧发生反应产生水。I react badly to seafood.我对海鲜过敏。
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