高考时态用法总结

时态 谓语动词构成形式与该时态连和定义 用的状语 例句 1.一谓语动词构成形式： Often, 般现Be(am, is, are)或 在时usually, 态 动词原形（如果主语seldom,neve是第三人称单数，则r, 在动词后加-s或-es） hardly, always, 1.I often go to school by bike everyday. 2.The earth moves around the sun.(客观事实) 3.He goes to see his grandmother once a week. 定义： sometimes, 4.My father often reads newspaper in the morning. 表示经常性或习惯once a week, 性的动作或状态。 every day.等5.He walks to school everyday. 表示频度的6. 副词或时间状语连用。 在表示客观真理，科学事实及不受时间限制的客观存在时，也用一般现在时。 1. where there is a will, there is a way. 2. The earth moves round the sun. 3. Time and tide wait for no man. 报刊、杂志、书籍等不强调过去时间，单

纯表示客观事实时，要用一般现在时。 1. what does this article say? 2. the article describes social problems. 2.一谓语动词构成形式： Last night, 般过动词的过去式。如：yesterday, 去时stop—stopped 态 Beg—begged some years Visit—visited ago, last week, 1. 表示过去习惯性或经常发生的动作： When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river. 2. He did his homework last night. in 3. They were students at that time. 2008, in the 定义： past. The 表示过去某时间发other day, 生的动作或存在的at 状态。 that time, just now. 3.现谓语动词构成形式： Now, 在进Be(am, 行时are)+ving. 态 定义： At moment. the 1.I am reading novels now. is, these days. 2.They are studying English these days/this term.

表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。 4.过谓语动词构成形式： Then, 去进Was/were+ving. 行时态 定义： this at 1.--What were you doing at ten that time, yesterday? time --I was watching TV at that time. last year, at 表示过去某一时刻yesterday.或过去一段时间内等连用，或用正在进行的动作。 另一动作表was playing football then/at that 示过去的时4.He 间。 time. parents were watching TV. 3.I was doing my home work while my nine 2.He was reading when I came in. 5.一谓语动词构成形式： Tomorrow, 般将1Will +动词原形 ○来时态 in a few 1.---What are you going to do next next week, Sunday? ----I’m going to listen to music. 2be going to +动days, next ○词原形 Sunday, in+2.look at the clouds, there is going 一段时间，in to be a storm. 定义：常表示计划、打算作某事，表示已经决定的、很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事2015.等。 3.The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning. 4.we will help him, if he asks us.

情。 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。 6.过谓语动词构成形式： 常用在谓语1. He asked when the meeting would 去将Would +V 来时态 定义： 式的宾语从2. He said he would buy some fruit for 句中。 her mother. 表示从过去某一时2. 表示过去3.I?thought?you?would?take?the?chan间看将来发生的动的习惯性动ce. 作或存在的状态。 作 4.He?said?he?would?come?back?the?next?day. 动词为过去end. 表示过去的习惯性动作 1.Whenever?she?had?time,?she?would?help?us?in?our?work. 2.Every?evening?she?would?come?and?talk?with?the?students 7.现谓语动词构成形式： Already, 用1----.Have you had your lunch yet? 在完Have/has+动词的过成时去分词 之后，过去分放在助动词于肯定句，可 ----yes, I have. I’ve just had it.

态 定义： 词之前。也可2.I have lost my bag. 放在句末。表示过去发生的或3.I have already watched the TV play. Yet用在疑问已完成的某一动作句中意为“已4.---Have you found your lost pen yet? 对现在造成的影响经”；用在否或结果。 定句中表示一些非延续性动词“还，尚”，5.He has just come back from New York. 和 表示一段时间的常用于句末。 6.Have your ever been to Tianjin? 状语连用时的变化。 Just “刚刚”表示动作刚7.I have never traveled by train Go/leave-be away 刚结束，常放before. Come-be here 在助动词与8.I have lived in Tianjin for 10 years. 过去分词之Buy—have 间。Ever“曾9.I have lived in Tianjin since 2000. Borrow-keep ---No, I haven’t found it yet. 经”用在疑问句或否定句10.I have lived in Beijing since I was graduated from school. Finish—be over 中，放在助动Die –be dead 词与过去分词之间。Begin/start—be on Never“从来Catch a cold—have 没有”常与a cold before连用。多放在助动词和过去分Put on—wear

Get up –be up 词之间。Before“以Wake up---be awake 前”指过去不Fall asleep asleep—be 确定的时间，总放在句末。 Lose –not have “since+过去时间点”Join---be(in) “for+时间Leave—be from away 段” Arrive/reach--be 8.过谓语动词构成形式： By 去完Had+动词的过去分成时词 态 定义 by year, last 1. He had finished 2/3 of the work by by lask week. last week, 2. He had left by the time I arrived. yesterday, by last 3. He had lived in Beijing for 5 years before he came to here. 表示到过去某个时month. 间已经完成的动作或状态。即“过去的By the end of 过去” last year.5. The child realized that he had lost 等。 2.过去完成时常用于“no his way. 4. Smith died yesterday, he had been a friend of mine.

sooner---than”和“hardly(scarcely—when（before）”6. I knew I had made a mistake at that time. 1.No sooner had he reached home than 等结构中，从句常用it began to rain. 一般过去时，“no sooner,hardly( scarcely)”置于句首时，要用倒装语序。 2.He had hardly got on the train when the train started out. 9.现谓语动词构成形式： For 3 years, 1.I have been teaching English for 在完Have/has 成进+ving 行时态 定义： early Beethoven and Mozart for two hours. morning. 3.I’ve just been waving goodbye to 表示一个动作从过her. 去某开始，一直持续到说话时还在继续或刚刚结束。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 been weeks, since 2.She has been playing the music of these few twenty years. 10.将谓语动词构成形式： This 来进will+be+ving 行时time 1.I will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow. tomorrow morning,

态 定义： At 7:00 2. I will be having a meeting tonight. tomorrow, 表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，At that time 1.I suppose they will be leaving soon. 常表示安排好之事，next week.等给人一种期待感。 连用。 2.Maybe fewer people will be smoking in fifty years. 表示预料不久要发生或势必发生的动作。 11.将谓语动词构成形式： 常和by the 1. I’ll have arrived there by noon. 来完Will/shall+have+ 成时by the end of 态 Done next year,或3. when we get there they’ll probably 定义： before next have left. summer,等结表示将来某时刻之构连用。 前或某一行为发生可以用将来完成时。 之前所 完成的动作。 1.I’ll have lived in the city for twenty years by next month. 表示到将来某时刻为止动作的持续时，也book by the end of this week. time, 2. I’ll have finished reading the 2.I’ll have done the work for three months by Friday. 现在在与表示一段时间的状语连用时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示一个完成动作从过去某时开始延续到说话时，并可能延续下去，在一定的上下文中，这时与两个时态可以互换。

现在1.I have talked to the students for two hours. 完成我已经同该生谈了两个小时。（强调可能完成） 进行时态I have been talking to the students for 2 hours.我一直同该生交谈，已（强调可能还在继续） 的区经谈了两个小时了。别 现在完成进行一般不使用于状态动词，要表示状态动词的“未完成用法”只能用现在完成时态。（注：状态动词表示感受、情感、看法、认识、愿望、及所有关系等状态含义，如be,belong,exist,feel,hate love, want等。 They ________each other since childhood. A. have been knowing B. knew C. have known D.had know 在不用时间状语时，现在完成时态表示动作已结束，而现在完成进行则表示动作仍在进行。 1. He has written an essay.他已经写好了一篇论文。（表明动作已经完成） 2. He has been writing an essay.他一直在写论文。（表示动作仍在继续） 用 how long--？结构询问目前正在进行的动作的时间长度时，多用现在完成进行时。 How long have you been living in Tian Jin? How long have you been listening to music?

像sit, lie, wait, stay, stand 等动词更趋向于用现在完成进行时。 The old man has been sitting here all the morning.这老人一上午都坐在那儿 The students have been waiting for their teacher.学生们一直在等他们的老师。 一般一． 一般过去时只表示过去的动作而不强调对现在的影响，而现在完成时则过去时与1.I have read the book我已经读过这本书。 现在完成2. I read the book last year.我去年读过这本书。 时态3.Did you get up early?你起床早吗？ 的区别 4.Have they got up?他们已经起来了吗？ 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。 二．现在完成时的动作开始于过去，现在仍在继续；而一般过去时的动作早结束。 He has worked in this company for three years. 他在这家公司已经工作三年了。（现在仍在此公司工作） He worked in this company for three years. 他在这家公司工作过三年。（现在已不再这家公司工作了） 三． 现在完成时态表示的动作发生在过去的一个不确定的时间，常与

already, yet, never, just, before等连用；一般过去时表示过去某个确定的时间发生的动作，常与表示过去的具体时间连用。 I have already finished the book.我已经看完了那本书。 We once lived in the countryside.我们曾在农村住过。 I haven’t seen her before.我以前从没见过她。 I haven’t seen her once.我一次也没见过她。 I saw him last week.我上星期见过她。 过去一．一般过去时表示相对于现在而言的过去时间，而过去完成时表示的则是相完成对于过去某一时刻而言的过去的时间，即过去的过去。它的存在以过去的某一时与动作或某一时刻为参照物而言的。 一般1.All the students had been there before 5 o’ clock yesterday afternoon. 过去时的2.All the students got there at 5 o’clock yesterday. 区别 主将在时间when, before, after, as soon as, 或条件if , unless状语从句中，从现主句用将来时，时间或条件状语从句要用一般现在时态代替将来。 得用1.Unless you get rid of smoking, you will not stay healthy. 法 2.When you come next time, I’ll show you around our campus. 3.If I see him, I shall tell him the news.

4.if it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. 5.when I grow up, I will be a scientist. 6.If it doesn’t rain this afternoon, we’ll have a football match. 7.if it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 8.We’ll give him the message after he finishes dinner. 9. I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 在让步whenever, no matter what状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。 Whenever her drives or takes the train, he’ll be here on time. No matter what happens, don’t be discouraged. 一般表示已经做出的决定、安排好的事情，将来预定要发生的事情。这种用法多用现在来谈论时间表、节目单，日程表等安排好的事情。一般现在时可与某些含“出时表发， 到达”之意的动词连用，即用于表示转移的动词（如：come, go, arrive, 将来 leave, start等），表示预定的行为，即将来的但已事先安排好的动作，这种安排很固定，不容易改变。 1. the plane takes off at three o’clock P.M.飞机下午三点起飞。 2. The film show begins in a minutes.电影一会就开始。 3. There is a lecture on English writing tonight.

4. The trains leaves at nine o’clock. The trains arrives at 8:30 and leaves at 8:45. 现在Come.Go , leave, arrive, start 等动词用进行时表将来。 进行I am going to Beijing this Sunday. 时态表将We are leaving for New York after the performance. 来的She is giving a piano recital next week. 用法