Yet it is doubtful whether the proposition is strong enough to bear the vast weight of generalization that has been placed on it.
Yet it is doubtful whether the proposition is strong enough to bear the vast weight of generalization that has been placed on it.
参考译文：然而，这个论点依据是否充分支持由此推导出的普遍原理，这一点值得怀疑。
结构分析：该句子的主干结构是It＋be＋形容词＋whether从句模式，即Yet it is doubtful whether…is strong…；it作形式主语，指代后面的whether从句；whether从句中，主语是the proposition，系动词是is，表语是strong；enough是strong的状语，enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置；不定式to bear…作结果状语，修饰enough，属于enough to…搭配；that has been placed on it为定语从句，修饰weight，这里的it指代前面的proposition。
知识链接：It is doubtful…令人怀疑的是……；doubtful令人怀疑的；proposition 观点，论点； vast 巨大的，大量的；place weight on…强调\\重视；generalization 普遍原理。
8月9日 （周二）
题干：It was from the study of these two waves that so much was learnt about the interior of the earth。
8月9日 （周二）参考答案：
It was from the study of these two waves that so much was learnt about the interior of the earth.
〔参考译文〕正是从对这两种波的研究中，我们可以了解到地球内部的许多情况。
〔结构分析〕这是一个强调句，It is…that之间是所强调的内容，即状语；复原后的句子应该是So much was learnt about the interior of the earth from the study of these two waves.。主语是So much，谓语是was learnt，介词短语about the interior of the earth是主语的定语，介词短语from the study of these two waves是谓语was learnt的状语。
〔知识链接〕waves波；interior内部，内部的
8月10日 （周三）
Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.
8月10日 (周三）参考答案：
Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.
参考译文：在创造财富方面，培养了大批熟练工人和技工的工业化国家比拥有大批非熟练工人的国家处于更有利的位置。
结构分析：该句主语是Industrialized countries，谓语是are placed，不定式 to produce wealth是主语补足语；better…than…构成比较级；that have trained…technicians是Industrialized countries的定语从句，whose…largely unskilled是countries的定语从句。翻译时可将不定式to produce wealth置于句首，更显顺畅。
知识链接：industrialized工业化的；numerous众多的；technician技工；largely很大程度上。
8月11日 （周四）
The blunt truth of the matter is that human beings are not designed for tasks which require relentless vigilance: for the sophisticated human brain these are fatiguing and boring.
8月11日 （周四）参考答案：
The blunt truth of the matter is that human beings are not designed for tasks which require relentless vigilance: for the sophisticated human brain these are fatiguing and boring.
参考译文：此事说明了一个真切的道理：人类并不是生来就适合做不间断的高度警觉的工作，对于复杂的大脑来说，这些工作太令人疲倦了。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，主句的主干结构是：The truth is that...; that 引导的表语从句的主干结构是： human beings are not designed for tasks，之后的which引导定语从句，修饰前面的tasks，其主干结构是which requires…vigilance，relentless是vigilance的定语；冒号后面的内容是一个独立的句子，是对前面内容的解释，其主语是these，指代前面的tasks，谓语是are，表语是fatiguing and boring，for the sophisticated human brain是介词，作范围状语。
知识链接：blunt率直的，坦率的；relentless连续的，不间断的；vigilance警觉；sophisticated复杂的；fatiguing令人疲倦的；boring 乏味的
8月12日 （周五）
Her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.
8月12日 （周五）参考答案：
Her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.
参考译文：父母曾告诫她如果误了火车而让她的东道主朋友跑两趟去接站，这事一定不能原谅。
结构分析：该句主干结构是：Her parents had impressed…that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends to make two journeys…；upon her是范围状语，that引导的宾语从句比较复杂，其主干结构是it would be unforgivable，it是形式主语，指代后面的并列不定式to miss it and cause …，其中cause前省略了to，miss it中的it显然是指代一种交通工具（如火车、飞机），with whom she was going to stay是介词with＋关系代词whom的定语从句模式，修饰前面的friends，不定式to make two journeys作friends的宾补，不定式to meet her作make two journeys的目的状语。
知识链接：impressed upon her that＝impressed that upon sb.向某人强调…；unforgivable不可原谅的；cause sb. to do sth.让某人做某事；make two journeys跑两趟。
8月15日 （周一）
The editor and staff of the newspaper at first thought that the two figures most of their readers would choose would be Jesus Christ and Shakespeare.
8月15日 （周一）参考答案：
The editor and staff of the newspaper at first thought that the two figures most of their readers would choose would be Jesus Christ and Shakespeare.
参考译文：起先，报纸的编辑和工作人员以为大多数读者会选的两个人是耶酥基督和莎士比亚。
结构分析：这个句子的主干结构是：The editor and staff of the newspaper…thought that…；that引导的宾语从句的主语是the two figures，谓语是would be，表语是Jesus Christ and Shakespeare. most of their readers would choose 是主语two figures的定语从句，前面省略了联接词that。
知识链接：editor 编辑；staff 工作人员（集合名词）；figure人物。
8月16日 （周二）
The consumers would be able to select their view of match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present.
8月16日 （周二）参考答案：
The consumers would be able to select their view of match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present.
参考译文：消费者将能够在一巨大的平板电视屏幕上选择自己想欣赏的任何比赛，这种电视屏幕完全占据一面墙，且图像的清晰度也是目前无法想像的。
结构分析：句子可拆分为：The consumers would be able to select their view of match on a gigantic,flat screen （occupying the whole of one wall）（,with images of a clarity）（ which cannot be foreseen at present）。句子的主语是The consumers， 谓语是would be able to select，宾语是their view of the match，划线的介词短语on…是地点状语，表示谓语动词发生的地点；第二个括号中的occupying…是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的screen，第二个括号中的with…是介词短语作后置定语，亦修饰前面的screen，而句末括号中的表达则是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词clarity。
知识链接：consumer消费者；gigantic巨大的；flat screen平板电视屏幕；occupy占据；clarity清晰度；foresee预见。
8月17日 （周三）
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
8月17日 （周三）参考答案：
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
【参考译文】这些领导人就是活生生的证据，表明预防是可行的，而且表明人们能够处理随年龄增长而产生的健康问题。
【结构分析】这是一个主从复合句，可看作由两段组成：（These leaders are living proof）（ that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age）.第一段是主句，leader是主语，are是谓语，living proof是表语；第二段是以and连接的两个同位语从句that…that…，修饰前面的proof；第一个同位语从句主语是prevention，谓语是works；第二个同位语从句主语是we，谓语是can manage，宾语是the health problems，句
末的that 引导的是定语从句，修饰problems，with age是时间状语。
【知识链接】living鲜活的，活生生的；proof 证明，证据；prevention预防；with age随着年龄增长。
8月18日 （周四）
The consumers would be able to select their view of match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present.
8月19日 （周五）
Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation's early leaders and the fragile nature of the country's infancy.
8月19日 （周五） 参考答案：
Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation's early leaders and the fragile nature of the country's infancy.
参考译文：几位历史学家的著述揭示了开国元勋们在道德上所做的妥协，以及该国初期所表现出的脆弱本质。
结构分析：该句主干是Works reveal the compromises and the nature。of several historians 是主语works的后置定；，moral修饰第一个宾语compromises，分词短语made by the nation's early leaders作该宾语的后置定语；fragile修饰第二个宾语 nature ，介词
短语of the country's infancy是该宾语的后置定语。
知识链接：compromise 妥协；fragile易碎的，脆弱的；infancy婴幼儿时期，初期。
8月22日
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
8月22日 参考答案：
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
【参考译文】这些领导人就是活生生的证据，表明预防是可行的，而且表明人们能够处理随年龄增长而产生的健康问题。
【结构分析】这是一个主从复合句，可看作由两段组成：（These leaders are living proof）（ that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age）.第一段是主句，leader是主语，are是谓语，living proof是表语；第二段是以and连接的两个
同位语从句that…that…，修饰前面的proof；第一个同位语从句主语是prevention，谓语是works；第二个同位语从句主语是we，谓语是can manage，宾语是the health problems，句末的that 引导的是定语从句，修饰problems，with age是时间状语。
【知识链接】living鲜活的，活生生的；proof 证明，证据；prevention预防；with age随着年龄增长。
8月23日 （周二）
The consumers would be able to select their view of match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present.
The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
参考译文：一个研究机构的发现一致表明，所有国家的工人都可以通过在岗培训，从根本上提高生产效率，并因此从根本上提高自己的生活水平。
结构分析：该句主干是：The findings have shown that…。介词短语of a research institution 是主语The findings的后置定语。that引导的宾语从句中，主语是workers，in all countries作其后置定语；谓语是can be trained，on the job作状语，不定式to作目的状语，and 连接的双方是并列结构，但表示因果逻辑关系。
知识链接： institution 公共机构，科研机构；consistently 一贯地；radically 激进地，根本地，完全地；productivity 生产率；standards of living 生活水平。
8月18日 （周四）参考答案：
The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
参考译文：一个研究机构的发现一致表明，所有国家的工人都可以通过在岗培训，从根本上提高生产效率，并因此从根本上提高自己的生活水平。
结构分析：该句主干是：The findings have shown that…。介词短语of a research institution 是主语The findings的后置定语。that引导的宾语从句中，主语是workers，in all countries作其后置定语；谓语是can be trained，on the job作状语，不定式to作目的状语，and 连接的双方是并列结构，但表示因果逻辑关系。
知识链接： institution 公共机构，科研机构；consistently 一贯地；radically 激进地，根本地，完全地；productivity 生产率；standards of living 生活水平。
8月24日 （周三）
A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life--and until economic arrangements exist to give that second value.
8月30日 （周二）
They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior.
8月30日 （周二）参考答案：
They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior.
参考译文:手语为探索大脑如何产生和理解语言提供了新的途径,而且还全新阐明了一个由来已久的科学争议:关于用语法完善的语言是我们与生俱来之物还是后天习得的行为.
结构分析:此句主语是They,谓语是并列的动词短语offer和throw new light on,宾语分别是a new way和an old scientific controversy. 不定式短语to probe...做后置定语,修饰前面的way,其中名词性短语how...language做probe的宾语.or连接的两个由whether引导的并列从句,共同做前面controversy的同位语;其中, 第一个whether从句中,主语是language,谓语是is,表语是something,形容词短语complete with grammar作非限制性定语,对language进行补充说明, that we are born with是定语从句修饰限定something. 此句重点是名词性从句和并列结构.
知识链接: throw light on 阐明; an old scientific controversy一个由来已久的科学争议; be born with 天生具有; a learned behavior后天习得的行为.
8月31日 （周三）
Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment, Glaser says:\" black carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.\" (注:地名和人名可以不译)
8月31日 （周三） 参考答案：
Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment, Glaser says:\" black carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.\" （本句摘自《考研英语二阅读理解精读80篇》）
参考译文：与认为传统的人类活动有害于环境的观点相反，Glaser说：“黑炭与人类的粪便混合能使Terra Preta 的土地肥沃”。
结构分析：本句可拆分为：（Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment）, Glaser says:（\"black carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.\" ） 句子主干很简单：主语Glaser，谓语says，引号内容作宾语。第一个括号内是形容词短语作状语，其中that引导的名词性从句作view的同位语。第二个括号内是says的宾语，其中主语是black carbon，谓语是is responsible for；分词短语combined with human wastes 作black carbon的后置定语。
知识链接：contrary to…与……相反； be combined with 与……相结合。
9月1日 （周四）
Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
9月1日 （周四）参考答案:
Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. （本句摘自《考研英语二阅读理解
精读80篇》）
参考译文：还有些人则把办公室政治与阿谀奉承相提并论，他们担心如果自己为自己讲好话，看起来就像是为了得到好处而巴结自己的上司。
结构分析：此句主语是others，谓语是 associate，宾语是politics，associate…with是固定搭配。fearful that…是形容词短语作伴随状语，其本质是前面省略了being；if引导的条件状语从句将fearful的宾语从句（that）隔开，宾语从句中主语是they，谓语是appear to be flattering，宾语是their boss，for favors是目的状语。
知识链接：associate…with把……和……联系在一起；be fearful that…担心……；flatter sb. for sth.讨好某人以得到某物。
9月2日 （周五）
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering factories where they didn't care if you have values or were flexible.
9月2日 （周五） 参考答案：
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering factories （where they didn't care if you have values or were flexible）.
参考译文：我去上大学了，确信自己会超过那些去大型工程“工厂”的学生，这些工厂根本不管你是否有价值、是否有灵活性。
结构分析：此句主语是I，谓语是headed off；介词短语to college做地点状语，形容词短语sure...作伴随状语，后面跟了一个宾语从句，介词短语over those students做后置定语修饰advantage，who引导的定语从句修饰students，where引导的定语从句修饰engineering factories ；该定语从句中，主语是they，谓语是care，后面跟一个if引导的宾语从句。
知识链接：headed off to college 去上大学。
9月5日 （周一）
In the area of life skills, service participants show greater positive change than do non-participants in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed.
9月5日 （周一） 参考答案：
In the area of life skills, service participants show greater positive change than do non-participants in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed.
参考译文：在社会能力上，从所涉及的八项分析结果看，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生变得更积极。
结构分析：这个句子的是service participants ，谓语是show，宾语是positive change，介词短语 In the area of life skills是状语，greater...than...构成比较结构，than之后行成了倒装结构，主语是non-participants，谓语是do，指代前面的 show positive change，介词短语in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed是状语，其中过去分词analyzed是outcomes的定语。翻译时要将than之后的内容移至service participants 之后。
知识链接：participants 参与者；positive 积极的；non－positive 非参与者；in terms of... 就……而论；outcomes 结果； analyze 分析。
9月6日 （周二）
X－rays are able to pass through objects and thus make visible details that are otherwise impossible.
9月6日 （周二） 参考答案
X－rays are able to pass through objects and thus make (visible) details {that are otherwise impossible}.
参考译文：x射线可以穿透物体，因此可以使得那些用其他方式不可能看到的细节清晰可见。
结构分析：本句话学习的重点是后半句：...thus make details {...}visible.
及物动词make后面的宾语是details,形容词visible作宾语补足语，但由于details后面接了定语从句，出于句子结构平衡的需要，把宾语放在了补足语的后面，形成动宾分裂。
9月7日
Gods know that man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them because to do so would be to throw him to a state of futility, helplessness, insecurity and despair even more stultifying than that faced by his most primitive ancestors.
9月7日 （周三）参考答案：
Gods know that man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them because to do so would be to throw him to a state of futility, helplessness, insecurity and despair even more stultifying than that faced by his most primitive ancestors.
参考译文：上帝知道人类不敢怀疑他们，不敢质疑他们，现在还不敢抛弃他们，因为这样做，人类就会把自己推回到比其最原始的祖先所面临的还要愚昧可笑的那种徒劳无益、束手无策、不安全和绝望状态之中。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，主干结构是：Gods know that …；难点就在that引导的宾语从句里。该从句也是个复合句，主句的主干结构是man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them，because引导原因状语从句。主句的主语man用单数，表“人类”，谓语是三个并列动词结构dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject，宾语them指代前面的Gods；原因状语从句的主语是不定式to do so，谓语是would be，表语是不定式to throw him；to a state of futility…and despair是介词短语，作him宾补；even more stultigying…ancestors是形容词短语，作前面futility…and despair的后定语，其中的that指代前面的state，过去分词短语faced by primitive ancestors作that后定语。
知识链接：reject 抛弃；futility无用，徒劳无益；insecurity不安全；stultifying愚蠢可笑的；primitive原始的；ancestor祖先
9月8日 （周四）
It was only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential.
9月8日 （周四）参考答案：
It was only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential.
参考译文：只有当一个人有资格施善时才能承受得起如此的信任。
结构分析：It is…that…是强调句型，强调的部分是时间状语从句：when one is in a position to oblige.复原后的句子应是one can afford to be so confidential only when one is…。
知识链接：in a position to do有资格做……；oblige施惠于……；afford to do能够做……；confidential极受信任的。
9月9日 （周五）
Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
9月9日 （周五）参考答案：
Reading makes a full man, //conference a ready man, //and writing an exact man.
参考译文：读书使人充实，交谈使人敏捷，写作使人精确。
知识链接：full a. 充实的；conference n. 交谈；ready a. 敏捷的，即刻的；exacta. 精确的
9月12日 （周一）
There is nothing in the world but teaches us some good lesson.
9月12日 （周一）参考答案：
There is nothing in the world but teaches us some good lesson。
参考译文：世界上的一切都能给我们好的教训。
结构分析：这也是一个双重否定句子结构，具体参见19题。原句可变为：There is nothing in the world that does not teach us some good lesson.
知识链接：此处some是“某个”的意思；teach sb a lesson，教训某人一顿。
9月13日 （周二）
Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to have more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.
9月13日 （周二） 参考答案：
Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, //he is likely to have more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.
参考译文：假定一个人不必过分劳累，以至损伤元气，那么他在休闲时一定比无所事事的人更加富有活力。
结构分析：本句是主从复合句，第一段是Provided引导的条件状语从句（相当于If从句），第二段是主句。第一段注意so...as to...如此...以至于...；第二段注意more...than...比较结构的逻辑。
知识链接：provided conj. 倘若，假如；impair vt. 损害;vigor n. 精力，活力； be likely to do有可能；zest n. 活力；idle adj. 懒散的，无所事事的。
9月14日 （周三）
Closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans assign to privacy.
9月14日 （周三） 参考答案：
Closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans assign to privacy。
[参考译文] 与重视个人主义密切相关的是美国人对隐私的重视。
[结构分析] 这是一个表语前置句，主语是the importance，Americans assign to privacy是其定语从句，谓语是is，表语是Closely associated with the value，they place on individualism是value的定语从句。
[ 知识链接] be associated with...与……有关；individualism个人主义；assign...to...将……赋予……；privacy隐私
9月19日 （周一）
It is more important to pave the way for children's desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate.
9月19日 （周一）参考答案：
It is more important to pave the way for children's desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate.
参考译文：为孩子们的求知欲铺平道路比向他们灌输一堆他们不准备吸收的事实更为重要。
结构分析：这个句子中出现了比较级more…than…，主语是It，指代后面的不定式to…desire
to know，than之后的不定式to put…assimilate与前面的不定式并列，其中的they are not ready to assimilate是a diet of facts 的定语从句，they指代children，前面省略了连接词that。翻译时要先译真正主语，即不定式，然后再译系表结构，即is more important。
知识链接：pave the way for…为…铺平道路；a diet of facts 大量事实；assimilate同化，吸收。
9月20日 （周二）
But the truth is that faculty members, and even students, conspire with the administrators to keep the lecture system alive and well.
9月20日 （周二）参考答案：
But the truth is that faculty members, and even students, conspire with the administrators to keep the lecture system alive and well.
参考译文：但事实是教师们，甚至是学生们，与管理者们共同密谋使讲课体系继续存在、长盛不衰。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，主句的主干结构是：But the truth is that…，难点在于that引导的表语从句。该从句的主语是faculty members,and even students，谓语是conspire with，宾语是 the administrators ，不定式to keep…作目的状语；alive和well均是形容词，作不定式中the lecture system 的并于不足语。
知识链接： faculty member 教师；conspire with 与……合谋。
9月21日 （周三）
Of special importance are those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty.
9月21日 （周三）参考答案：
Of special importance are those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty。
参考译文：具有特殊重要性的是那些能够为扶贫自助提供帮助的项目。
结构分析：这是一个表语前置句，目的在于强调。主语是those projects, 之后的which从句是其定语，谓语是are，表语是of special importance，该句复原后应是those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty are Of special importance。其中 be of +名词＝be
＋该名词的形容词，因此，be of importance＝be important。为了达到强调效果，翻译时不必调整句序。
知识链接：self－help 自助；reduce poverty 扶贫。
9月22日 （周四）
It is vital that economic, political and social conditions which can alleviate poverty be established at national and international levels.
9月22日 （周四）参考答案：
It is vital that economic, political and social conditions which can alleviate poverty be established at national and international levels.
参考译文：在全国以至全球营造消除贫困的经济、政治和社会环境很重要。
结构分析：该句子的主干结构是It＋be＋形容词＋that 从句模式，即It is vital that…conditions be established…；It为形式主语，真正主语为that从句；主语从句的主语是economic, political and social conditions，谓语是be established，请注意：vital后面的从句中要使用虚拟语气，故be established前省略了should；which引导的从句作主语conditions的后置定语，at national and international levels是介词短语，作地点状语。
知识链接：vital 关键的，重要的；alleviate 减轻，环节； poverty 贫困； establish 建立。
9月23日 （周五）
With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family.
9月23日 （周五）参考答案：
With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family.
参考译文：由于在外工作，赚钱能力和社会地位得以提高，成员在家庭中的权力也相应增加。 结构分析：这是一个完全倒装句，主语是句尾部分the capacity（to exercise power） within file family，括号内是其后定，within...是范围状语；谓语是comes；With..of the home是伴随状语。
知识链接：status occupation 显著地位的工作；exercise power 实施权力。
9月26日 （周一）
Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles.
9月26日 （周一）参考答案：
Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles.
参考译文：我们当中有着强大支撑关系的人似乎能更好地应付重大的人生变化和日常困难。
结构分析：本句主语是those，后面跟了两个介词短语of us和with…systems作定语，apper此处是系动词，相当于be动词。
知识链接： cope with 应对，处理；hassle 争论，使……烦恼。
9月27日 （周二）
Whatever product you use should emit only visible light.
9月27日 （周二） 参考答案：
Whatever product you use should emit only visible light.
参考译文：你使用的任何产品应该只能发出可见光。
结构分析 ：下划线表达是主语从句：=Any product (that you use)
9月28日 （周三）
The students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement.
9月28日 （周三）参考答案：
The students （who should be given the highest marks） would actually be those （who agreed with the statement）.
参考译文：同意这种说法的学生才能得高分。
结构分析：本句主干是：The students should be those，两个who引导定语从句分别修饰students和those。
知识链接：agree with 赞同。
9月29日 （周四）
Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth.
9月29日 （周四） 参考答案：
Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth.
参考译文：对世界财富的过度消费是个环境问题，其严重性除了与人口增长的危害相当外，没有其它问题能与之相比。
结构分析：本句主干是Overconsumption is an environmental problem，by the world's fortunate作后置定语修饰主语overconsumption，过去分词unmatched是表语environmental problem的补足语，in severity是范围状语，by…growth是状语，其中but是介词，相当于except.
知识链接：unmatched 无可比拟的；severity 严重性；overconsumption过度消费。
9月30日 （周五）
Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
9月30日 （周五） 参考答案：
Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
参考译文：如果没有足够的市场来吸收回收的材料，废物实际上压低了废旧材料的价格。
10月10日 （周一）
There has not been a statesman of eminence but was a man of industry.
10月10日 （周一）参考答案：
There has not been a statesman of eminence but was a man of industry。
参考译文：显赫的政治家没有一个不是勤奋之人。
结构分析：在否定词或半否定词后出现but，都具有\"which not,who not,that not\"之意，和前面
的not构成双重否定，可直接译成肯定模式或双重否定模式”没有...不是“；因此句子可变为: There has not been a statesman of eminence who was not a man of industry.
知识链接：statesman 政治家；eminence 显赫； industry 勤奋，联想记忆：industrious 勤奋的，industrial 工业的。
10月11日 （周二）
In the area of life skills, service participants show greater positive change than do non-participants in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed.
10月11日 （周二） 参考答案：
In the area of life skills, service participants show greater positive change than do non-participants in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed.
参考译文：在社会能力上，从所涉及的八项分析结果看，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生变得更积极。
结构分析：这个句子的是service participants ，谓语是show，宾语是positive change，介词短语 In the area of life skills是状语，greater...than...构成比较结构，than之后行成了倒装结构，主语是non-participants，谓语是do，指代前面的 show positive change，介词短语in terms of all eight outcomes analyzed是状语，其中过去分词analyzed是outcomes的定语。翻译时要将than之后的内容移至service participants 之后。
知识链接：participants 参与者；positive 积极的；non－positive 非参与者；in terms of... 就……而论；outcomes 结果； analyze 分析。
10月12日 （周三）
X－rays are able to pass through objects and thus make visible details that are otherwise impossible.
X－rays are able to pass through objects and thus make (visible) details {that are otherwise impossible}.
参考译文：x射线可以穿透物体，因此可以使得那些用其他方式不可能看到的细节清晰可见。
结构分析：本句话学习的重点是后半句：...thus make details {...}visible.
及物动词make后面的宾语是details,形容词visible作宾语补足语，但由于details后面接了定语从句，出于句子结构平衡的需要，把宾语放在了补足语的后面，形成动宾分裂
10月13日 （周四）
Gods know that man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them because to do so would be to throw him to a state of futility, helplessness, insecurity and despair even more stultifying than that faced by his most primitive ancestors.
10月13日 （周四）参考答案：
Gods know that man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them because to do so would be to throw him to a state of futility, helplessness, insecurity and despair even more stultifying than that faced by his most primitive ancestors.
参考译文：上帝知道人类不敢怀疑他们，不敢质疑他们，现在还不敢抛弃他们，因为这样做，人类就会把自己推回到比其最原始的祖先所面临的还要愚昧可笑的那种徒劳无益、束手无策、不安全和绝望状态之中。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，主干结构是：Gods know that …；难点就在that引导的宾语从句里。该从句也是个复合句，主句的主干结构是man dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject them，because引导原因状语从句。主句的主语man用单数，表“人类”，谓语是三个并列动词结构dares not doubt, dares not question and dares not now reject，宾语them指代前面的Gods；原因状语从句的主语是不定式to do so，谓语是would be，表语是不定式to throw him；to a state of futility…and despair是介词短语，作him宾补；even more stultigying…ancestors是形容词短语，作前面futility…and despair的后定语，其中的that指代前面的state，过去分词短语faced by primitive ancestors作that后定语。
知识链接：reject 抛弃；futility无用，徒劳无益；insecurity不安全；stultifying愚蠢可笑的；primitive原始的；ancestor祖先。
10月14日 （周五）
It was only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential.
10月14日 （周五）参考答案：
It was only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential.
参考译文：只有当一个人有资格施善时才能承受得起如此的信任。
结构分析：It is…that…是强调句型，强调的部分是时间状语从句：when one is in a position to oblige.复原后的句子应是one can afford to be so confidential only when one is…。
知识链接：in a position to do有资格做……；oblige施惠于……；afford to do能够做……；confidential极受信任的。
10月17日 （周一）
Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
10月18日 （周二）
There is nothing in the world but teaches us some good lesson.
10月25日 （周二）
Of special importance are those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty.
10月25日 （周二）参考答案：
Of special importance are those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty。
参考译文：具有特殊重要性的是那些能够为扶贫自助提供帮助的项目。
结构分析：这是一个表语前置句，目的在于强调。主语是those projects, 之后的which从句是其定语，谓语是are，表语是of special importance，该句复原后应是those projects which provide help for self-help in reducing poverty are Of special importance。其中 be of +名词＝be＋该名词的形容词，因此，be of importance＝be important。为了达到强调效果，翻译时不必调整句序。
知识链接：self－help 自助；reduce poverty 扶贫。
10月26日 （周三）
It is vital that economic, political and social conditions which can alleviate poverty be established at national and international levels.
10月26日 （周三）参考答案：
It is vital that economic, political and social conditions which can alleviate poverty be established at national and international levels.
参考译文：在全国以至全球营造消除贫困的经济、政治和社会环境很重要。
结构分析：该句子的主干结构是It＋be＋形容词＋that 从句模式，即It is vital that…conditions be established…；It为形式主语，真正主语为that从句；主语从句的主语是economic, political and social conditions，谓语是be established，请注意：vital后面的从句中要使用虚拟语气，故be established前省略了should；which引导的从句作主语conditions的后置定语，at national and international levels是介词短语，作地点状语。
知识链接：vital 关键的，重要的；alleviate 减轻，环节； poverty 贫困； establish 建立。
10月27日 （周四）
With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family.
10月27日 （周四）参考答案：
With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family.
参考译文：由于在外工作，赚钱能力和社会地位得以提高，成员在家庭中的权力也相应增加。 结构分析：这是一个完全倒装句，主语是句尾部分the capacity（to exercise power） within file family，括号内是其后定，within...是范围状语；谓语是comes；With..of the home是伴随状语。
知识链接：status occupation 显著地位的工作；exercise power 实施权力。
10月28日 （周五）
Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles.
10月28日 （周五）参考答案：
Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles.
参考译文：我们当中有着强大支撑关系的人似乎能更好地应付重大的人生变化和日常困难。
结构分析：本句主语是those，后面跟了两个介词短语of us和with…systems作定语，apper此处是系动词，相当于be动词。
知识链接： cope with 应对，处理；hassle 争论，使……烦恼。
10月31日 （周一）
The students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement.
10月31日 （周一）参考答案：
The students （who should be given the highest marks） would actually be those （who agreed with the statement）.
参考译文：同意这种说法的学生才能得高分。
结构分析：本句主干是：The students should be those，两个who引导定语从句分别修饰students和those。
知识链接：agree with 赞同。
11月1日 （周二）
Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth.
11月1日 （周二） 参考答案：
Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth.
参考译文：对世界财富的过度消费是个环境问题，其严重性除了与人口增长的危害相当外，没有其它问题能与之相比。
结构分析：本句主干是Overconsumption is an environmental problem，by the world's fortunate作后置定语修饰主语overconsumption，过去分词unmatched是表语environmental problem的补足语，in severity是范围状语，by…growth是状语，其中but是介词，相当于except.
知识链接：unmatched 无可比拟的；severity 严重性；overconsumption过度消费。
11月2日 （周三）
Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
11月2日 （周三） 参考答案：
Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
参考译文：如果没有足够的市场来吸收回收的材料，废物实际上压低了废旧材料的价格。
11月3日 （周四）
In this way，we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy ,or of the habits of the social insects ,let us say .
11月3日 （周四） 参考答案：
In this way，we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy ,or of the habits of the social insects ,let us say .
参考译文：比如，我们所有天文学规律和群居昆虫生活习性的知识，都是通过这种方式获得的。
知识链接：In this way 通过这种方式；learn 得知，习的；the laws of astronomy 天文学规律；social insects 群居昆虫；let us say 比如说。
11月4日 （周五）
The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.
11月4日 （周五） 参考答案：
The first two must be equal for all （who are being compared ）,//if any comparison (in terms of intelligence )is to be made .
参考译文：如果在智力方面做任何比较的话，就所有的参比对象而言钱二者必须是等同的。
结构分析：第一段 who 引导定语从句修饰先行词all.第二段的if引导条件壮语从句修饰谓语动词must be ,在此部分括起来的介词短语in terms of ...作any comparison 的后置定语。
知识链接：make a comparison 做比较；in terms of 就....而言，在....方面；intelligence 智力；equal 等同的，平等的。
11月5日 （周一）
It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.
11月5日 （周一）参考答案：
It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.
参考译文：据说死亡在美国是迫在眉睫的，在加拿大是不可避免的，而在加利福尼亚却是可以选择的。
知识链接：It is said that ...据说......；pressing 迫在眉睫的；inevitable 不可避免的；optional 可选择的
11月8日 （周二）
Twenty or thirty pages of information handed to many of the major world powers around the year 1925 would have been sufficient to change the course of world history.
11月8日 （周二）参考答案：
（twenty or thirty pages of ）information（ handed to many of the major world powers around the year 1925） would have been sufficient to change the course of world history。
参考译文：在1952年前后，若把二三十页的信息提供给当时任何一个列强都足以改变世界历史的进程。
结构分析：此句话的主语information ，其前后的括号表达是其前后置定语，谓语是would have been ，表语是sufficient ，句末画线的不定式短语 to change ...是结果状语，修饰sufficient，表示其带来的结果。
知识链接：twenty or thirty pages of information 二三十页的信息；hand sth .to sb .提交给某人某物；major world powers 主要的世界强国；around 大约；be sufficient to do 相当于；be enough to do 足以做某事；course 过程，课程，菜，航向；
11月9日 （周三）
With so many people about, the dogs have to keep in a special enclosure.
11月9日 （周三） 参考答案：
With so many people about, the dogs have to keep in a special enclosure.
参考译文：因为周围有很多的人，这些狗一定要被圈养在特殊的围场里。
结构分析：此句中，主语是 the dogs ，谓语是have to be kept ,画线成分in a special enclosure 做地点状语；句首表达With so many people about则是with +n.+adv. 构成的独立主格结构，在此句中做原因状语，表示have to be kept 发生的原因。
知识链接：about 周围；keep 饲养，保持，圈养；enclosure 围场，圈地；special 特别的，专门的。
11月10日 （周四）
The robot has no more emotion than the car.
11月10日 （周四） 参考答案：
The robot has no more emotion than the car.
参考译文：机器人和汽车一样的没有感情。
结构分析：no more ...that...和......一样的不......，比如。He is no more sad than I .他和我一样的不伤感。
知识链接：robot 机器人；emotion 情感。
11月30日 （周五）
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small.
11月30日 （周五）参考答案：
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small.
参考译文：为了充分了解海洋生物的多样化和丰富性，缜密的思考是有益的。
知识链接：appreciate 欣赏，理解，感激；diversity 多样性；abundance 丰富性；think small 缜密思考。
11月14日 （周一）
It is almost always due to some very special circumstances that traces of land animals survive.
11月14日 （周一）参考答案：
It is almost always due to some very special circumstances that traces of land animals survive.
参考译文：几乎总是由于某些特殊的条件，陆地动物的遗体才被保留下来。
结构分析：It is almost always due to some very special circumstances that traces of land animals survive .此句强调的是 due to 引导的原因状语；句子的主干是that 后的表达。
知识链接：due to 因为；circumstance 环境，条件；trace 痕迹；survive 幸存。
11月16日 （周三）
Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to
how much they have learned.
11月16日 (周三） 参考答案：
Indeed, there is evidence //that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned.
参考译文：事实上，有证据表明遗忘的快慢是知识量和知识量的多少有直接关系的。
结构分析：第一段是句子主干，第二段是that引导的同位语从句，解释前面evidence的内容，其中主语是the rate ,谓语是is related to 宾语是特殊疑问词how引导的名词性从句，值得关注的是，在此同位语从句中，主语the rate 后面的at which individuals forget是定语从句，修饰先行词rate。
知识链接：evidence 证据；at the rate of 以....速度，速率；individual个人；be directiy ralated to 和....直接相关
11月17日 （周四）
They had almost reached shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.
11月17日 （周四）参考答案：
They had almost reached shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.
参考译文：他们快到河岸的时候，突然有一个负责警戒的人发现了他们，并跑着去报告消息。 知识链接：when 有时可以理解为“突然”；watchman 负责警戒的人；spot 认出，发现；race off 跑开； to spread the news 散布消息。
11月18日 （周五）
People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.
11月18日 （周五） 参考答案:
People （looking back 5 or 10 years from now ）may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge .
参考译文：人们回顾五年或十年前的情景时，很可能会对只有如此少的人从事网络经济感到奇怪。
结构分析：句子的主干是：People ...may well wonder why ...，主语是people，其后面的 looking
back ...是现在分词短语做people的后置定语，many well wonder 是谓语部分，画线部分是 why 引导的名词性从句做宾语。
知识链接：look back on 回顾、回忆；May well do sth . 完全有理由做某事、很可能会做某事；plunge 仓促的跳、冒险；online 在线的；take the online plunge 从事网络冒险、从事网络经济。
11月21日 （周一）
Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.
11月21日 （周一） 参考答案：
Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.
参考答案：专家们已经研究了受影响最严重的区域，并为当地人画出了一张地图，预报哪一年他们的住宅将被饥饿的海水吞食。
结构分析：本句主语是experts，后面跟两个并列的谓语have studied和have drawn up, studied的宾语是the areas，drawn up的宾语是a map；过去分词短语most affected作后置定语修饰areas，for local people作目的状语修饰drawn up，forecasting the year是现在分词短语作结果状语，之后是which引导的定语从句修饰the year.
知识链接：swallow up 淹没，吞并。
11月22日 （周二）
If you can give your boss something he or she needs a new client or a sizable contract, for example just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
11月22日（周二）参考答案：
（If you can give your boss something he or she needs a new client or a sizable contract, for example just before merit pay decisions are being made）,you are more likely to get the raise you want.
参考译文：如果能在加薪决定做出之前，为你的老板送上他/她所需要的东西（比如，一个新的客户或一份大的合同），你就更有可能得到你想要的那份加薪了。
结构分析：本句主干在后一部分，前面是if引导的条件状语从句，其中主语是you，谓语是can give，宾语是your boss（间接宾语）和something（直接宾语），he or she needs是省略了关系代词that的定语从句修饰something；just before…being made是时间状语从句。后一部分的主句中，主语是you，谓语是系动词are，标语是likely to…，you want是省略了关系代词that的定语从句修饰先行词the raise。
知识链接：sizable 相当大的；get the raise 得到加薪。
11月23日 （周三）
It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease.
11月23日 （周三）参考答案：
It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease.
参考译文：的确，在我们国家现在比以前有更多体重超标的人，而且，在许多情况下，肥胖与心血管疾病危险的增加紧密相连。
结构分析：it作形式主语，指代后面的从句that…and…that…，第二个that引导从句的主语是being overweight，谓语是correlates with，宾语是 an increased risk，介词短语of作后定。双逗之间的in many cases作范围状语。
知识链接：correlate with…与……有关；overweight 超重的，胖的；vessel船，器皿，脉管。
11月24日 （周四）
I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves.
11月24日 （周四) 参考答案：
I had an experience some years ago (which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves).
参考译文：几年前我经历了一件事情，让我明白了人们是怎样由于自责使事情变得更糟的。
结构分析：本句主干是I had an experience，some years ago是时间状语。括号内是which引导的定语从句修饰experience，其中的me是间接宾语，something是直接宾语，about the
ways是其后置定语；in which又引导一定语从句修饰the ways，worse 是宾语a bad situation的补足语，by blaming themselves是方式状语。
知识链接：blame 指责，把……归咎于。
11月25日 （周五）
However, the conventional view that the education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.
11月25日 （周五） 参考答案：
However, the conventional view （that the education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries） is wrong.
结构分析：这句话的主干是主系表结构：the ...view ...is wrong；括弧部分是that引导的定语从句。
参考译文：传统的看法是，在促进穷国的经济快速发展方面，教育应该是最重要的问题之一，但是这种观点是错误的。
知识链接：Conventional a. 传统的；priority n. 优先对象；promote v. 促进，推动
11月28日 （周一）
Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens.
11月28日 （周一） 参考答案：
Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earningsa working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens.
参考译文：面对高失业率、通货膨胀、实际收入增长缓慢时，工作的妻子能增加家庭收入，减轻经济压力。
结构分析：本句是由and连接的两个并列句，即：a working wife can increase…and relieve…，Given…earnings是原因状语，Given是介词，in real earnings是growth的后置定语。
知识链接：high unemployment高失业率 ；inflationary problem通货膨胀问题；household income家庭收入； financial burden经济负担。
11月29日 （周二）
The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce gave greatly wreaked havoc on European's private lives.
11月29日 （周二） 参考答案：
The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce gave greatly wreaked havoc on European's private lives.
参考译文:通讯革命,从稳定的商业文化转向变动的商业文化,以及大量妇女外出工作严重扰乱了欧洲人的私人生活.
句子结构:本句可简单切分为：The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce)( gave greatly wreaked)( havoc on European's private lives.) 第一部分是主语,介词短语from...to...做shift后置定语,其中one指代前面的culture,into the workforce是前面mass entry的后置定语;第二部分是谓语;第三部分是宾语,on European's private lives是宾语的后置定语.
知识链接:communications revolution通信改革;wreaked havoc on扰乱.
11月30日 （周三）
Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960s and 70s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States.
11月30日 （周三）参考答案：
Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960s and 70s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States.
参考译文：20世纪六、七十年代，沉淀于土中和积雪中的铅主要是美国含铅汽油排放的结果。
结构分析：此句主语是Lead deposits，谓语是系动词were，标语是the result，关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，从句中主语是which，谓语是accumulated，in soil and snow during the 1960s and 70s分别做时间和地点状语；of leaded gasoline emissions是介词短语做后置定语，修饰前面的the result，originating in the United States是分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的emissions。
知识链接：lead deposits 铅的沉淀；leaded gasoline含铅汽油；gasoline emissions汽油排放。
12月01日 （周四）
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
12月01日 （周四）参考答案：
These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.
参考译文：这些领导人就是活生生的证据，表明预防是可行的，而且表明人们能够处理随年龄增长而产生的健康问题。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，可看作由两段组成：（These leaders are living proof）（ that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age）.第一段是主句，leader是主语，are是谓语，living proof是表语；第二段是以and连接的两个同位语从句that…that…，修饰前面的proof；第一个同位语从句主语是prevention，谓语是works；第二个同位语从句主语是we，谓语是can manage，宾语是the health problems，句末的that 引导的是定语从句，修饰problems，with age是时间状语。
知识链接：living鲜活的，活生生的；proof 证明，证据；prevention预防；with age随着年龄增长。
12月02日 （周五）
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes.
12月02日 （周五）参考答案：
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes.
参考译文：支持制服的许多论点中，最重要的论点是：在大多数人眼中制服比便服看起来更职业化。
结构分析：此句主语是one，谓语是系动词is，that引导表语从句；of the first作后置定语修饰one，介词短语among...uniforms做范围状语；表语从句中，主语是they，谓语是系动词look， in the eyes of most people 作地点状语，more...than构成比较结构作比较状语。
知识链接：civilian clothes 便服
12月05日 （周一）
Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence.
12月05日 （周一） 参考答案：
（Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism）,（an instinct for self-preservation）,（that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence）.
参考译文：进攻是一种天生的生存机制，一种自我保护的本能，它让动物保卫自己免受生存的威胁。
结构分析：本句可划分为三部分，第一部分是主干，即主系表结构；第二部分是名词短语，作前面survival mechanism的同位语，for self-preservation是instinct的后置定语；第三部分that引导的从句是survival mechanism的定语，，不定式to defend...existence是宾语animals的补足语，介词短语to their existence是threats的后置定语。
知识链接：instinct 本能；self-preservation 自我保护
12月06日 （周二）
When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers.
12月06日 （周二）参考答案：
When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers.
参考译文：对于各个领域里极具天赋的学生来说，当谈起哪些因素对他们能力的发展至关重要时，比起学校和老师，他们更有可能谈及他们的家庭。
结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，when引导的时间状语从句的主语是highly gifted students ，谓语是talk about，what…abilities是宾语从句，in any domain是students的后置定语，to…abilities是范围状语。主句是主系表结构，主语是they，谓语是are，表语是likely，than their schools or teachers是比较状语。
知识链接：domain领域；be likely to do有可能做某事。
12月7日 周三
Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies - Japan and the United States - show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent.
12月7日 周三 参考答案
Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies - Japan and the United States - show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent.
参考译文：在世界两个经济大国——日本和美国所进行的民意调查显示，消费主义所界定的成功论变变得日益盛行。
结构分析：这个句子的主干是opinion surveys...show...definition, in...economies是主语的后置定语，Japan and the United States是two largest economies的同位语，现在分词短语becoming...prevalent 是宾语definitions的补足语。
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