Unit 3
1. rubbish /'rʌbɪʃ/ n. rubbishes （可数 不可数） 垃圾; 废弃物 p.17
❶常用词组： rubbish bin 垃圾箱 rubbish heap 垃圾堆 rubbish truck 垃圾车 ❷常见近义词： litter 杂物（如纸屑） trash 废物 糟粕 garbage 废料（如剩菜） eg: He is talking rubbish.
If we see someone throw the rubbish, we can go up to him and tell him it is not good to do that.
2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 p.17 eg: Please take out the rubbish when you leave.
3. fold /fəʊld/ v. 折叠; 对折 p.17 n. 折叠 褶皱 folder 折叠人 折叠机 文件夹
eg: My brother is folding a paper plane for me.
The mother folded her baby in her arms in great surprise.
4. sweep /swi:p/ v. (swept) 扫; 打扫 p.17 sweeper n. 打扫 挥动 范围
eg: The storm swept the country. vt. 及物动词 She is sweeping with a broom. vi. 不及物动词 The mountain is in the sweep of your eye. n.
5. floor /flɔ:/ n. 地板 p.17 楼层 eg: She sweeps the floor every day.
He lived on the third floor. （住四层 英storey 住三层 美story） 6. mess /mes/ n. 杂乱; 不整洁 p.18 v. 弄脏 弄乱 eg: Your room is (in) a mess.
You look a mess and you can’t go out with me. Don’t you want to mess up the situation again?
7. throw /θrəʊ/ v. (threw thrown) 扔; 掷 p.19 eg: Don’t throw stones at my dog.
Please throw me the towel.（毛巾）
He has thrown himself into revolution.（革命）
8. all the time 频繁; 反复 p.19 一直 始终 eg: I do it all the time. = I always do it.
All the time I was blind to your suffering.（遭遇 痛苦）
9. neither /'naɪðə, 'ni:ðə/ adv. 也不 p.19 ❶ all----none（三者以上） both----neither（两者） either
❷neither...nor...（两者都不） either...or...（或者...或者...） both... and...（两者都） ❸both of... neither of... either of... ❹倒装（语义承接式） neither + V + S so + V + S eg: All of us have to stay at home every day.
They both have some masks. They are both students.
Neither Tom nor Jim has a fever. （反义）______ Tom _____ Jim ____ a fever. Neither of them has run out of money.
I broke the window, so I did. 口译：我没有打破这扇窗户，的确没有。 They aren’t afraid of mice, neither am I. 口译：他们害怕老鼠，我也怕。 10. shirt /ʃɜ:t/ n. 衬衫 p.19 blouse
11. as soon as 一......就......; 尽快 p.19 how soon eg: I’ll write to you _____________ I get to Lanzhou. You should solve the problem as soon as possible.
----- _____________ will the nurses come back to Zhangye? ----- In 2 days. 12. pass /pɑ:s/ v. 给; 递; 走过; 通过 p.20 eg: The ship passed the channel. （海峡） Please pass the newspaper. A year passed quickly.
An idea passed through his mind. A bus passed by just a moment.
The committee（委员会）has passed my report.
13. borrow /'bɒrəʊ/ v. 借; 借用 p.20 borrower （反）lend 借给 ❶borrow...from... 向...借... ❷lend...to... 把..借给...
eg: I borrowed much money ____________ my brother.
Don’t lend your books ________ such a lazy boy. (so lazy a boy) 拓展 The boy borrowed her bike 5 days ago.
= The boy has ___________ her bike for 5 days. keep
14. lend /lend/ v. lent lent 借给; 借出 p.20 lender 15. finger /'fɪŋgə(r)/ n. 手指 p.20 eg: A hand has five fingers. = A hand has four fingers and a thumb.
拓展：the thumb the forefinger the middle finger the third/ring finger the little finger
fingermark 指印 fingerprint 指纹 手印 fingernail 指甲
16. hate /heɪt/ v. n. 厌恶; 讨厌 p.20 dislike v. n. unlike
反义： love like hateful adj. hateless adj. eg: I hate troubling my classmates. = I hate to trouble my classmate.
17. chore /tʃɔ: (r)/ n. 杂务; 乏味无聊的工作 p.20 do housework = do chores
做家务
18. while /waɪl/ conj. n. 与......同时; 当......的时候; 而; 然而 p.20 ❶when-------- at or during the time that 既指时间点，也可指时间段 ❷while------- during the time that 指时间段
eg: When the teacher came in , we were talking happily. 瞬间 片刻 While we were talking happily, the teacher came in. 时段 过程 While you were reading newspaper, I was working. He is used to lying down for a while after lunch. n.
Some people waste food while others don’t have enough. 然而 提升 He fell asleep while doing his homework.
= He fell asleep while ____ _____doing his homework.
19. snack /snæk/ n. 点心; 小吃; 快餐 p.21 fast food take away food eg: You can enjoy a quick snack while your children cavort（嬉戏）in the sand. 20. stress /stres/ n. 精神压力; 心理负担 重音 p.22 v. 强调 重读 stressed out紧张的
eg: When we are under great stress, our bodies may not moveable. What’s the matter, you look stressed out.
My teacher stressed that we should be in control of our lives. 21. waste /weɪst/ n. 浪费; 垃圾 v. 浪费; 滥用 p.22 eg: Get honor for thrift and shame on waste. 翻译 I think that is a total waste of money.
You couldn’t waste your whole youth on a pipe-dream. （白日梦） all none 22. in order to 目的是; 为了 p.22 ❶order n. 顺序 次序 条理 秩序 规矩 v. 命令 指挥 要求 订购 点菜 ❷in order to do sth in order that + 句子 so that + 句子 目的状语从句 eg: Can I take your order?
Please put the dialogue in the correct order. They got up early in order to catch the early bus. = They got up early ____________________________ catch the early bus. 23. provide /prə'vaɪd/ v. 提供; 供应 p.22 ❶provide sth for sb provide sb with sth 为某人准备某物（提供 供应） ❷offer sb sth offer sth to sb 给予某人某物 （主动作为） ❸offer to do sth 愿意、主动做某事
eg: The hotel provides masks for guests. = _________________________________ The young man offered the old woman his own seat on the bus. = __________________________________________________________ Many volunteers offered to help the patients for free.
24. anyway /'enɪweɪ/ adv. 而且; 加之 p.22 eg: I don’t have time to tell you it, and anyway, I don’t want to make it worse.
I don’t know why I fought with him, but anyway I did.
25. depend /dɪ'pend/ v. 依靠; 信赖 p.22 depend on/upon eg: All living things depend on the sun for their growth. We can’t depend on our enemy（敌人）to help us. It only depends on whether you want to change or not.
26. depend on 依靠; 信赖 p.22 口译： 成功（success）取决于决心（determination）和努力（efforts）。 27. develop /dɪ'veləp/ v. 发展; 壮大 p.22 development n.
developing country 发展中国家 developed country 发达国家
eg: We should give the students some space to develop.
Education（教育） is central to a country's economic（经济） development. 28. independence /'ɪndɪ'pendəns/ n. 独立 p.22 independent adj. 独立的 自主的 eg: She was afraid of losing her independence. 29. fairness /'feənɪs/ n. 公正性; 合理性 p.22
fair adj. 合理的 公平的 (反义)unfair fair society 公平社会 fairy n. 仙女 eg: In fairness to your mother, she has been trying her best to support you.
30. since /sɪns/ conj. 因为; 既然prep. ,conj. & adv. 从......以后; 自......以来 p.22 eg: I haven’t seen you since you left school in January. It is about two months since we stayed at home. We could’t go to school to clean the classroom since we are busy. 因为 鉴于 Since this method（方法）doesn’t work, let’s try another. 既然 由于 You left school two months ago and I haven’t seen you since.
31. neighbor /' neɪbə(r)/ (=neighbour) n. 邻居 p.22 neighborhood 居民区 地区 childhood 童年 boyhood 少年时代 womanhood 女人气质的 32. take care of 照顾; 处理 p.22
❶look after 关心 照顾 take after 长得像 ❷care about care for 关心 担心 在意 ❸care to do sth 愿意/喜欢做...
eg: The nurse is taking good care of the patient. =___________________________________ I don’t care to do things like this.
Dr. Li Lanjuan cares about how to set examples for the young. 33.ill /ɪl/ adj. 有病; 不舒服 p.22 sick adj. 34.drop /drɒp/ v. （dropping） 落下; 掉下 p.22 n. 滴 水珠 eg: Temperature can drop to freezing at night. A drop of ink（墨水）spreads on the paper.
35. independent /'ɪndɪ'pendənt/ adj. 独立的; 自主的 p.22 eg: Your answer seems to be independent of my question. Don’t worry. Each of us will be strong and independent one day.
36. fair /feə/ adj. 合理的; 公平的 p.24 eg: It is fair that you have got a good grade.
37. unfair /'ʌn'feə/ adj. 不合理的; 不公正的 p.24 eg: Giving so many chances to the lazy boy is unfair for others.
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