试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Four Inventions from Women
Though it wasn’t always easy to get patents or the credit, women are responsible for many items we use today. Below are some of them. A Solar House
In 1947, Mária Telkes, together with Eleanor Raymond, invented the world’s first modern residence heated with solar energy. The house was called Dover Sun House, built in Dover, Massachusetts, in 1948. She also invented other devices capable of storing energy captured from sunlight, and her remarkable achievements made a difference to current solar industry.
A Computer Term
Grace Hopper programmed for the earliest computer machines. Interestingly, Hopper’s first major invention in the field of software design was the creation of a famous computer term, “bug”. In 1947, she found a small moth in the Mark II computer, and it was this little bug that was “jamming (卡住)” the machine, Hopper jokingly referred to “failing to work” as a “bug”, a strange term that has since developed into a computer industry term. Dish Washing Machine
Along with another engineer, Josephine Cochrane invented the first hand-powered dish-washer. Patented in 1886, the first dish washing machine combined high water pressure, a wheel, a boiler, and a wire framework like the ones still used for dish drying. As its inventor, Josephine Cochrane never used dishwasher herself, but it made others’ life easier. Home Security System
You might be surprised to discover that the first home security system was actually invented by Marie Van Brittan Brown in 1966. Alongside her husband, she created a system containing a sliding camera, a two-way microphone, TV monitors. There was also an emergency button with which the police could be contacted in case of emergencies, and a remote control used to unlock doors.
1．Which of the following was created by a woman alone?
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A．The solar house.
C．The home security system.
B．The computer term. D．The dish washing machine.
2．What powered Josephine Cochrane’s dish washing machine? A．Solar energy. C．Air pressure.
B．Electricity. D．Manpower.
3．How can we call the police when using the first home security system? A．By turning to a remote control. B．By using a new two-way microphone. C．By pressing on the emergency button. D．By calling for help into sliding camera.
Marathon is one of the most difficult races in track and field, at a little over 42 kilometers. To be a world-class marathoner, you must run that distance in two and a half hours. But for some, completing a marathon race is a lifelong dream.
Jacqueline’s dream of being a world-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya. She soon realized she had the talent and the willpower to compete. She also knew she would have to train full-time, which meant not being able to work to help support her family. But she was confident that she could bring home prize money.
Jacqueline traveled to China to compete in the Zheng-Kai marathon knowing she had a good shot at winning the race, but more importantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it. She was leading the women’s division when a male runner arrived at the water station. The man had trouble drinking water because a birth defect(缺陷)had left him without hands, and he struggled to drink from a plastic bottle. But any assistance from fans or race officials would result in his disqualification. Jacqueline noticed the man and immediately knew that he needed help. She grabbed a water bottle and helped him get the water his body needed to complete the race.
Runner after runner passed Jacqueline. Her hopes of winning were getting lost in numerous runners ahead of her. With only 4 kilometers left in the race, and certain that the male runner would now finish, Jacqueline picked up her pace and finally finished second.
That day, Jacqueline missed out on first place, but she finished something more important: humanity. She returned home with the smaller prize of second place, but to her family, she brought home something much more valuable to home: the right example.
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4．What can we know about Jacqueline from paragraph 2? A．She was born with little sports talent. B．Her goal was to win a championship. C．Her family opposed her going for a run. D．She had to train full-time to achieve her dream.
5．Why did the male runner struggle to drink from a plastic bottle? A．He was disabled.
B．He didn’t like bottled water. C．He was running forward in a hurry. D．He competed with other runners for water.
6．What happened after Jacqueline helped the male runner? A．She won second place at last. B．She was criticised by her family.
C．She was disqualified for going against rules. D．She fell behind several runners and gave up.
7．What is the attitude of Jacqueline’s family towards her deed? A．Cautious.
The ocean is critical to all oxygen-dependent life. But life is also critical to the ocean. The ocean produces so much oxygen because of ocean plants, which draw down Co and change it into carbon-based sugars and oxygen. Ocean plants are climate change heroes! There is now a wide recognition of the role of ocean life in slowing climate change.
On many Pacific islands, whales support tourism economies. While concerned about the impacts of climate change on whales, we also need to recognize that whales can contribute to fighting climate change!Through their deep dives, vast migrations, long lifespan(寿命), and large bodies, whales have an enormous effect on the ocean.
Whales both help ocean plants to draw down CO and help to store carbon in the ocean. Firstly, they provide essential nutrients that enable ocean plants to grow. Whale waste is a fertilizer, bringing nutrients from the depths, where whales feed, to the surface, where plants need these nutrients to grow well. Migratory whales also bring nutrients with them from highly-productive feeding grounds to the nutrient-poor waters of whales’ breeding grounds, boosting the growth of ocean plants across the ocean.
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B．Approval.
C．Critieal.
D．Disappointed.
Secondly, whales keep the carbon locked in the ocean, out of the atmosphere, where it could otherwise contribute to climate change. Ocean plants produce carbon-based sugars, but with a very short lifespan. They can’t store the carbon. When they die, much carbon is released in surface waters, and can be changed back to CO2. Whales, however, can live for over a century, feeding on food chains that begin with the sugars in these tiny plants, and storing up the carbon in their bodies. When whales die, deep ocean life feeds on their remains, and the carbon formerly stored in whales’ bodies can enter sediment(沉淀物), When carbon reaches deep ocean sediment, it is effectively locked away, and therefore unable to drive climate change. This carbon is unlikely to return as CO2 in the atmosphere.
Several Pacific island countries are already leaders in whale conservation, having declared whale sanctuaries in their waters. Every year, whales socialize, breed, and give birth in Pacific island waters.
8．How do surface ocean plants get nutrients for growth? A．From whale waste. C．From the sunlight.
B．From the whales’ bodies. D．From ocean sediment.
9．Why are ocean plants unable to store the carbon? A．They lack nutrients for growth. B．They never absorb carbon-based sugars. C．Carbon-based sugars can’t be generated by them. D．The carbon in them is released after their death.
10．What does the underlined word “sanctuaries” in the last paragraph mean? A．Shelters.
B．Imports.
C．Markets.
D．Amusements.
11．What is the text mainly about? A．The importance of oceans to climate. B．The bad effects of CO2 to climate changes. C．The role of whales in slowing climate change. D．The importance of oceans to all oxygen-dependent life.
New York has become the most recent state to ban the sale of some animals in pet stores. A new law signed by Governor Kathy Hochul bans the sale of dogs, cats, and rabbits in retail shops. The new law encourages pet stores to work with animal rescue groups and shelters to make space for rescued animals that are available for adoption.
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California was the first state to pass a retail ban in 2017. Maryland followed in 2018 and a statewide ban in Illinois went into effect in February. Maine and Washington passed laws that ban the sales in new pet stores. Now, more than 300 cities and counties throughout the United States have passed pet-sale bans. There are at least 10,000 commercial pet stores in the country, and fewer than 3,000 of them are regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, according to the estimates from the Humane Society of the United States.
In these commercial pet stores, animals are usually kept in dirty, crowded cages with limited access to medical care and human interaction. They often don’t get enough to eat or drink, have little protection from cold or heat; and don’t have a separate place to go to the bathroom. Many animals raised in the commercial pet stores go on to have physical and emotional problems.
Although conditions are often horrible, commercial pet stores are usually legal unless authorities are called in to close those with extremely inhumane (不人道的) conditions. “Dogs, cats, and rabbits across New York deserve loving homes and humane treatment,” Governor Hochul said in a statement. “I’m proud to sign this law, which will make meaningful steps to cut down on bad treatment and protect the welfare of animals across the state.” However, some pet store owners have argued that the law will cause a large quantity of pet stores in New York to close.
12．What is the new law signed by Governor Kathy Hochul about? A．Avoiding abusing pets. B．Preventing adopting pets. C．Forbidding distributing pets.
D．Forbidding trading certain pets in pet stores. 13．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The operation mode of commercial pet stores. B．The problems faced by commercial pet stores. C．The poor living conditions of the pets in pet stores. D．The physical and emotional problems of some animals. 14．What can we learn about the law from the last paragraph? A．It is well received. B．It is highly profitable. C．It takes ages to see the results.
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D．It may also have its shortcoming.
15．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．New York state offers medical care to animals
B．New York state bans pet stores from selling some animals C．New York state assists pet store owners with laws D．New York state ignores the horrible conditions of pets
二、七选五
Have you ever wondered what your pet is thinking or feeling and what he is trying to tell you? If you answer “yes”, ways below may help to strengthen your bond and relationship with him.
16 Animals will use many parts of their bodies to convey various feelings. Being observant to how your pet uses his body can let you know if he’s feeling playful, sick, or maybe even angry. For example, Your dog may narrow his eyes and stare at you to indicate that he is feeling aggressive.
Identify your pet’s vocalizations(发声). 17 Learning how to distinguish these sounds will help you determine how your pet is feeling. He will vocalize for several reasons, including acknowledging his presence and expressing anxiety. 18 Talk with your pet. Your pet may not exactly understand the words that you are saying. 19 For example, if you speak with him in a strict voice, he might pick up on the fact that you are unhappy with his behavior. Talking with your pet can also help soothe(抚慰)him if he is feeling anxious or fearful.
Punish your pet properly. Verbally and physically punishments help correct his misbehaving. Punishment can make your pet fearful of you and possibly increase the trust and respect that he has for you. 20 Don’t avoid punishing your pet.
A．Have an eye on your pet’s posture.
B．He can at least pick up on the tone of your words. C．Observe how your pet uses his eyes, ears and face. D．Your pet is capable of making a number of different sounds. E．He may scream when meeting other species for the first time.
F．The punishment fails to warn him that you do not approve of his behavior.
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G．It is known that some cats do respect and bond with you after being punished.
三、完形填空
A week before Halloween, my babysitter called and canceled. So I had to drive to my medical appointment with my daughters on my own. I knew that emergencies do 21 , and I told my babysitter that I completely 22 her. But what was actually going through my mind were feelings of 23 and self-pity.
When we sat in a crowded waiting room of the hospital, it was pretty peaceful until my youngest daughter walked up to a complete 24 and said, “Tweet.” This was how she said “Trick or Treat”, having been 25 previously from her elder sisters. The woman, who was in a wheelchair and accompanied by her caregiver, knew 26 what my daughter meant. She told her caregiver to take her over to the vending machine(自动售货机)and 27 enough money to give each of my girls a 28 . This caring act started a 29 on the vending machine. Soon, everyone had a candy bar or bag of chips ready for trick-or-treating. The nurses 30 to find three plastic bags for my daughters to 31 their treasures.
Everyone was smiling and laughing and my daughters were 32 at their good fortune. The 33 in that room touched me to my very core. Here were these people, facing who-knows-what 34 difficulties, and they only thought of giving three little girls some Halloween fun. It was a lesson for me about how good, kind and 35 people are. 21．A．worsen 22．A．understood 23．A．shame 24．A．friend 25．A．learned 26．A．exactly 27．A．call for 28．A．hand 29．A．discussion 30．A．refused
B．occur B．forgave B．anger B．stranger B．promised B．deliberately B．take off B．treat B．quarrel B．determined
C．regret C．ignored C．embarrassment C．expert C．coached C．accidentally C．put in C．lesson C．run C．planned
D．vary D．trusted D．disappointment D．passenger. D．warned D．partly D．cough up D．discount: D．campaign. D．managed
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31．A．discover 32．A．confused 33．A．politeness 34．A．health 35．A．merciful
B．hide B．astonished B．happiness B．finance B．fair
C．collect C．alarmed C．friendship C．communication C．sensitive
D．deliver D．overjoyed D．appreciation D．study D．generous
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Dali, Yunnan Province, there is a beautiful lake, which is situated at 1,972 meters above sea level. It covers an area of about 250 square kilometers, making it the second 36 (large) freshwater lake in Yunnan. Its shape looks like an ear or a moon, so people give 37 a special name—the Erhai Lake.
The temperature of the lake’s surface is 12 °C-21 °C all year round, so the water never freezes. The natural conditions make the lake a suitable place for fish 38 (grow) in. The clear water and 39 (variety) of fishes have become the main food sources for the local people, 40 are very good at fishing. They fish in a special way-training cormorants, a kind of seabird, to catch fish for them.
The Erhai Lake is a hot scenic spot in our country and is famous 41 its wonderful scenery. It 42 (surround) by green mountains. Going boating on the lake is enjoyable, 43 (especial) at night. The moon is reflected on the lake and the soft warm wind 44 (touch) your face. You can see the reflections of lights and the moon sparkle as the water ripples. What a romantic experience!
There are some other places of interest around the lake, such as Erhai Park and Butterfly Spring. Many of them are worth 45 (visit).
五、建议信
46．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris在学习汉语，正为买不到一本合适的字典而苦恼。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达问候； 2.你的建议。
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注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris,
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Yours, Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary, one of my best friends, and I are interested in playing with a ball, sometimes a basketball or football. But we can’t play them well, which easily makes a mistake when we play a ball. I thought back to the day when we made a mistake but got a big reward from police.
It was a breathtaking experience to us. One Saturday, Mary and I were playing with a ball and a mistake came as expected-the ball was kicked into a big man’s house.
We went to his house and asked, “Excuse me, sir, our ball is kicked into your house, can we come in and get our ball?”
He said, “Absolutely not.” We felt helpless at that time.
Suddenly, I had an idea. I looked around and found that there was a water tank(水箱)behind the man’s house. I looked at it and told Mary that we could climb onto the water tank and jump over the wall. Mary disagreed and told me that was too impolite. So we decided to get our ball the next day.
The next morning, Mary and I went to the man’s house again. To our surprise, he agreed to let us in and we followed him. We looked for the ball and found it under a bed. Along with the ball were some gold bars! We were so surprised at the time that we couldn’t speak. In a
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rush, we got the ball and left his house.
When we reached Mary’s house, the TV was on. It was news time. We couldn’t believe our ears when we heard that 20 gold bars were stolen from a gold shop. They showed a picture of the gold bars which were exactly the same as the ones we had seen under the man’s bed. 注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We rushed to tell Mary’s mother about the gold bars.
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Several days later, a policeman came to Mary’s house.
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