高一英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 237
Passage 1
It is a picture every soccer lover is familiar with: As the team captain puts the trophy(奖杯) over his head, the crowd goes wild and sings the names of its heroes. But who do you think really has control in team sports? The players? The coach? Maybe it could be a computer.
A detailed analysis of the passing strategies of 20 teams in the Spanish football league during the past season has given a unique insight （了解））into how they play. It was part of an effort to use artificial intelligence （AI）to give coaches a better understanding of the game. It looked at over 300, 000 passes made across the entire season and found hundreds of patterns used by the teams. It also looked at whether they happened in more than one game. It turned out that Barcelona and Real Madrid had more than 100 repeated passing patterns, while Atletico Madrid, which won the league that season, had just 31 repeated patterns.
Stefan Szymanski, a professor of sports management in the University of Michigan, says fewer passing patterns could be why Atletico Madrid had such a successful season. \"If I were a club coach I might even say we don't want more passing patterns, we want fewer patterns, \" he says. \"That's just what makes Messi the greatest player on the planet. \"
The hope is that a system like this could help coaches better understand the
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strategies of opposing teams. What's more, coaches wouldn't have to spend so long looking through video footage of games––machines could pick out the key moments and tactics for them.
The idea is now being used in many different team sports. Alan Fern, a computer scientist at Oregon State University, has worked on a project for American football matches. He says computers still need to get better at picking out the patterns for coaches. But he believes they have great promise. \"I think this will revolutionize sports. Every 20 years there's a revolution in strategies in most sports,\" he adds.
1. Why is the picture mentioned in the beginning? ________
A. To describe a victory scene.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To come up with a matter for debate.
D. To leave a question for readers to consider.
2. According to Stefan Szymanski, what makes Messi great? ________
A. His unique passing patterns.
B. His deep insight into opposing teams.
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C. His skilled soccer skills.
D. His fewer passing patterns.
3. What does Alan Fern think of computer? ________
A. They will add football match types.
B. They are mature in picking out patterns.
C. They will bring big changes to most sports.
D. They will help coaches in all sports in the future.
4. Which can be the best title for the text? ________
A. Who shapes the best players?
B. What makes computers stand out in sports?
C. The rise of AI in sports.
D. The strengths and weaknesses of AI.
Passage 2
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Looking fashionable feels good. However, did you know that doing so could be extremely bad for the planet?
Making clothes requires lots of energy. For example, cotton fields have to be watered. Jeans must be dyed(染色) and then dried. According to scientists, making 1 kilogram of clothes produces 23 kilograms of greenhouse gases on average.
However, clothes are spending less time in shops and at homes than ever. Consumers(消费者) today keep almost every article of clothing only half as long as they did 15 years ago. That causes a large amount of waste.
Some clothing companies and designers have realized this problem. H&M, for example, was the world's largest buyer of \"better cotton\" last year. The cotton needs less water to grow. It also requires fewer pesticides(农药). The Swedish brand has also stopped using a chemical that pollutes the environment when making waterproof(防水的) clothes. Nike, meanwhile, has invented a new method of making shoes. It reduces waste by 60 percent compared with traditional cutting and sewing.
More long lasting clothes could help, too. Tom Cridland is a British designer. The clothes that he designs all go through a special treatment. Cridland says they can last more than 30 years.
Unfortunately, not all clothing companies and designers, think they should be responsible for the environment. Some companies do not care about their carbon
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footprint at all.
What can we do? In some western schools, students are encouraged to fix their jackets and trousers. Clothing companies there send vans to campuses to help them do it. Another solution is to think twice the next time we buy new clothes. Some clothes may not look very fashionable, but they could be good for our planet.
1. According to the passage, making 50 kilograms of clothes produces about ________ kilograms of greenhouse gases.
A. 23 B. 115
C. 230 D. 1, 150
2. What is the difference between \"better cotton\" and traditional cotton? ________
A. \"Better cotton\" can grow without water.
B. \"Better cotton\" grows faster than traditional cotton.
C. \"Better cotton\" is more environmentally friendly.
D. \"Better cotton\" is more productive than traditional cotton.
3. In order to protect the environment, what have some clothing companies
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and designers been doing? ________
① Using new material.
② Helping students mend clothes.
③ Measuring their carbon footprint.
④ Designing clothes that can last longer.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④
C. ①③④ D. ②③④
Passage 3
Jo Du was being helped into her beautiful white wedding dress this week when a tooth on the zipper(拉链) broke. It was Sunday in Guelph, Ontario, and no tailor(裁缝) shop was open.
Jo Du didn't want to marry Earl Lee with pins(别针) in the back of her dress. But no one in the wedding party knew how to make the repair.
The best man knocked on a neighbor's door to ask David Hobson if he might have a pair of scissors they could borrow. Mr. Hobson said, \"I've got better than tools. I've got a tailor. \"
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David Hobson had a family of Syrian refugees(难民) living in his home for a few days: a mother, father, and 3 children.
The father of the Syrian family was Ibrahim Halil Dudu. He was a tailor in Syria for 28 years, and as soon as he saw the dress, Ibrahim Dudu got out his sewing(缝) tools and set to work.
\"He really sewed her wedding dress back onto her, \" Lindsay Coulter, the wedding photographer, told CTV News.
\"Everyone was so thankful. They said thank you a million times. \"
\"Every weekend I take photos of people on the happiest days of their lives, and today one man who has seen some of the worst things our world has to offer came to help, \" said Lindsay Coulter, who posted photos and wrote on her Facebook page.
\"I was so excited and so happy, \" Ibrahim Halil Dudu said through a translator. \"I like to help Canadian people from my heart. \"
Earl Lee called the tailor's skillful repair, an \"unbelievable act of kindness\" from a \"complete stranger who had only stepped foot in this country days ago. \"
1. What was a big problem for Jo Du? ________
A. It was not easy for her to find some pins.
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B. Her wedding dress had to be repaired soon.
C. She didn't know where to buy a new zipper.
D. There was something wrong with her scissors.
2. How did Hobson help Jo Du? ________
A. He introduced a tailor to her.
B. He lent a pair of scissors to her.
C. He helped her find the best man.
D. He helped organize her wedding.
3. Who solved Jo Du's problem in the end? ________
A. Earl Lee. B. David Hobson.
C. Ibrahim Dudu. D. Lindsay Coulter.
4. What can we infer about Lindsay Coulter? ________
A. She worked as a translator.
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B. She felt sorry for the tailor.
C. She was a refugee from Syria.
D. She was a news reporter.
Passage 4
Choosing where to live may be one of the biggest decisions you'll make when you move to Sydney, but you'll have plenty of help.
Temporary arrival accommodation
Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation.
—sydney. edu. au/accommodation/short-term
On-campus-residential colleges (fully catered饮食全包的)
The university has eight residential colleges on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus, including International House, a residential community of global scholars. Colleges provide comfortable, fully furnished single rooms and daily meals, along with sporting, cultural, leadership and social programs. They also include on-site tutorials (辅导课) in addition to campus-based classes.
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—sydney. edu. au/colleges
On-campus residences (self-catered饮食自理的)
The university has two self-run residences—Queen Mary Building (QMB) and Abercrombie Student Accommodation—on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus. Both just under a year old, they house up to 1000 students. These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens.
—sydney. edu. au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus. html
Off-campus living
More than 90 percent of our students live off campus. The university is close to many dynamic and multicultural suburbs such as Annandale, Newtown, Chippendale and Glebe. A great place to search is our large online database of properties.
—sydney. edu. au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus. html
1. Where can you find a place to live temporarily? ________
A. On \"sydney. edu. au/colleges\".
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B. On \"sydney. edu. au/accommodation/short-term\".
C. On \"sydney. edu. au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus. html\".
D. On \"sydney. edu. au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus. html\".
2. What do students living in QMB have access to? ________
A. Their own kitchens. B. On-site tutorials.
C. Daily meals. D. Gyms.
3. What is the most popular choice among students? ________
A. Living off campus.
B. Living in host families.
C. Living in self-catered flats on campus.
D. Living in fully catered houses on campus.
Passage 5
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite
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pastimes, coffee drinking and the \"talking cure\". Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn't always easy. They customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under 2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论), slow to open up and connect. \"You are forbidden to say 'one feels, ' or 'people think', \" Lehane told them. \"Say 'I think, ' 'Think me'. \"
A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un-French. But Lehanne's psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
The city's psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lover, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehance's group just to learn to say what they feel. There's a strong need in Paris for communication, says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church. \"People have few real friends. And they need to open up\" Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France. \"If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist\battle, people wouln't need a special place just to speak. \" But then, it wouldn't be France.
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1. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? ________
A. Learn a new subject.
B. Keep in touch with friends.
C. Show off their knowledge.
D. Express their true feelings.
2. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? ________
A. They are less frequently visited.
B. They stay open for longer hours.
C. They have bigger night crowds.
D. They start to serve fast food.
3. What are theme cafes expected to do? ________
A. Create more jobs.
B. Supply better drinks.
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C. Save the cafe business.
D. Serve the neighborhood.
4. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris? ________
A. They bring people true friendship.
B. They give people spiritual support.
C. They help people realize their dreams.
D. They offer a platform for business links.
参考答案
Passage 1
1. B推理判断题。根据the picture定位第一段，尤其是But who do you think really has control in team sports? The players? The coach? Maybe it could be a computer. 和下文可知，作者在开篇提到这个画面是为了引出本文的话题—电脑在体育比赛中的作用。故选B。
2. D推理判断题。由第三段中的we don't want more passing patterns, we want fewer patterns, 和That's just what makes Messi the greatest
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player on the planet，这两句话可以得知，梅西的固定模式少，所以在球场上难以预料。故选D。
3. C细节理解题。根据题干关键词Alan Fern和computer定位最后一段的内容尤其是 I think this will definitely revolutionize sports. Every 20 years there's a revolution in strategies in most sports 可知电脑将在未来为大部分体育运动带来变革，其中revolutionize是C选项bing big changes 的同义转化。故选C。
4. C最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了人工智能在足球领域中越来越广泛的应用，以及它给教练带来的极大帮助。故选C。 Passage 2
1. D细节理解题。根据第二段中的According to scientists, making 1 kilogram of clothes produces 23 kilograms of greenhouse gases on average. 可知，根据科学家的说法，制造1公斤的衣服平均会产生23公斤的温室气体。由此可知，生产50公斤的衣服会产生的温室气体大约为50*23=1, 150公斤。故选D。
2. C推理判断题。根据第四段中的The cotton needs less water to grow. It also requires fewer pesticides (农药). 可知，这种棉花生长需要更少的水。它也需要更少的农药。由此推知，Better cotton是更环保的。故选C。
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3. B细节理解题。通读全文可知，第四段、第五段和文章最后一段，体现了一些公司采取的措施：使用新材料，设计耐用持久的衣服，帮助学生修补衣服。故选B。 Passage 3
1. B细节理解题。根据第二段中But no one in the wedding party knew how to make the repair. 可知但是婚礼上没有人知道如何修理它。由此可知，Jo Du面临的问题是她的婚纱需要尽快修好。故选B。
2. A细节理解题。根据第三段中Mr. Hobson said, \"I've got better than tools. I've got a tailor. \"可知Hobson先生说：\"我有比工具更好的东西。我有个裁缝。\"由此可知，Hobson向Jo Du介绍了一位裁缝，来帮助她。故选A。
3. C细节理解题。根据第五段中He was a tailor in Syria for 28 years, and as soon as he saw the dress, Ibrahim Dudu got out his sewing (缝) tools and set to work. 可知他在叙利亚做了28年的裁缝，一看到这条裙子，Ibrahim Dudu就拿出他的缝纫工具开始工作。以及第六段中\"He really sewed her wedding dress back onto her, \" Lindsay Coulter, the wedding photographer, told CTV News. 可知\"他真的把她的婚纱缝了回去，\"婚礼摄影师Lindsay Coulter告诉CTV新闻。由此可知，最后Ibrahim Dudu帮助Jo Du修好了婚纱。故选C。
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4. B推理判断题。根据第四段David Hobson had a family of Syrian refugees (难民) living in his home for a few days: a mother, father, and 3 children. 可知David Hobson有一个叙利亚难民家庭在他家里住了几天：一位母亲、父亲和3个孩子。以及倒数第三段\"Every weekend I take photos of people on the happiest days ……who posted photos and wrote on her Facebook page. 可知\"每个周末，我都会给人们生活中最快乐的日子拍照，而今天，一个目睹了这个世界上最糟糕事情的人来帮助我们，\"Lindsay Coulter说，她在自己的Facebook页面上发布了照片并写道。由此可推知，裁缝是来自叙利亚的难民，故婚礼摄影师Lindsay Coulter对他感到难过，和同情。故选B。 Passage 4
1. B细节理解题。根据Temporary arrival accommodation部分的“Before you move to Sydney, ……you can look for longer-term accommodation. ”可知，在你去悉尼以前，你可以预订一个临时居住的地方。一旦你到那里以后，你可以寻找长期居住的地方。再结合下面提供的网址信息sydney. edu. au/accommodation/short-term，可知B选项正确。 2. D细节理解题。根据On-campus residences (self-catered饮食自理的)部分的“These residences provide modern single-study rooms
with …..sky lounges and rooftop gardens. ”可知，生活在QMB的学生是可以进入体育馆的。故D选项正确。
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3. A推理判断题。由Off-campus living部分的第一句“More than 90 percent of our students live off campus. ”可推知，超过90％的学生选择外宿。故A选项正确。 Passage 5
1. D细节理解题。根据关键词定位在第一段“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. ” 根据关键句可知，在这里他们正在尝试了解他们的真实感受，所以在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。因此本题答案为D
2. A细节理解题。根据关键词定位在第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to ……to spend more time at home. ” 根据关键句可知，巴黎的咖啡馆一直是法国生活方式变化的受害者——工作时间变长、快餐的蓬勃发展以及年轻一代更愿意花更多的时间在家里。所以法国生活方式使得咖啡馆顾客越来越少。因此本题答案为A。
3. C细节理解题。根据关键词定位在第二段“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. ……filling tables well into the evening. ”根据关键句可知，主题咖啡馆改变了这一局面。这些咖啡馆专注于心理学、历史和工程学这些很受欢迎的主题，直到夜晚人们还不愿离去，所以判断出主题咖啡馆被期望拯救咖啡店的生意。因此本题答案为C。
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4. B细节理解题。根据关键词定位在最后一段“The city's psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. ”根据关键句可知，心理咖啡馆可以提供人们精神安慰。因此本题答案为B。
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