高中考点牛刀小试——多维度感知考点差异
A： 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Snacking is a popular American pastime. When done correctly, it can be a good thing, helping you prevent overeating and keeping your blood sugar and energy level stable. But most snacks tend to be highly processed, low in nutrients and high in sugar. They can give you temporary energy, but very quickly you'll feel hungry again. __1__ Put it on a plate.
__2__ We've all quickly eaten up a bag of chips after swearing we'd just eat a handful or two. A couple of chips can quickly turn into more when you aren't paying attention. Putting your snack on a plate will help you stick to one serving and paying attention to what you're eating will leave you feeling more satisfied.
__3__ The best snack is one that provides carbohydrates, protein and fat. Carbs provide a source of energy, while fat and protein help to slow digestion, stabilize blood sugar levels and sustain that energy longer. This nutrient combination keeps cravings (渴望) at bay and ensures you'll feel full and satisfied until your next meal.
Eat regular meals.
If you're unable to go more than an hour or two before reaching for a snack, it's time to look at your meals. While it's normal for some people to feel hungry between meals, your main meals should keep you full for at least two to three hours. __4__ All of these can help to slow down the process of digesting food. Be prepared.
Keep nutritious foods on hand in case a meeting runs late or you're out and about between meals. __5__ Foods like dried beef, fresh fruit, nuts, cheese sticks and whole－grain biscuits all travel well. A. Make it balanced. B. Pay attention to your body.
C. Follow these tips to snack responsibly.
D. So you don't end up empty－handed when you feel hungry. E. Before reaching for a snack, ask what you're really in the mood for. F. Eating food directly out of a bag or box encourages mindless eating.
G. If you feel hungry sooner, make sure you're getting plenty of protein, fiber and fat. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个合理吃零食的方法。 1.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空前提及的吃零食的优势和劣势及下文介绍的具体的吃零食的方法可知，此处需要填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故C项“遵循以下建议来负责任地吃零食”符合语境。 2.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据本段的小标题“Put it on the plate”及空后的“We've all quickly eaten up a bag of chips after swearing we'd just eat a handful or two ... Putting your snack on a plate will help you”可知，此处内容应是有关直接从袋子里吃零食的内容的，故F项“直接从袋子里或盒子里吃零食会助长盲目地吃(零食)”符合语境。 3.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据本段中的“The best snack is one that provides carbohydrates, protein and fat. Carbs provide a source of energy, while fat and protein help to slow digestion ... energy longer”可知，最好的零食是那些能提供碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的零食，而且这些营养物质有不同的作用，它们之间的组合会阻止你对零食的渴望，让你在下顿饭到来之前感到饱腹和满足。由此可知，本段主要说明的是零食中的营养成分应保持均衡。故A项符合语境。 4.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据空前的内容及空后的“All of these can help to slow down the process of digesting food”可知，空处内容应是有关你感到饥饿时应该如何做的，故G项“如果你很快就感觉饿了，要确保你摄入了足够的蛋白质、纤维和脂肪”符合语境。G项中的“protein, fiber and fat”与空后的“these”的对应关系也是提示。 5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据本段的小标题“Be prepared”及空前的“Keep nutritious foods on hand in case a meeting runs late or you're out and about between meals”可知，空处的内容与做好准备和在手边准备有营养的食物有关。故D项“这样，当你感觉饥饿时你就不是两手空空的了”符合语境。
B
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school. __1__ Read beyond assigned reading. Following your course outline and doing all of your assigned reading are important. But to pull ahead to first rank, you also need to read books that can provide that extra information you need. __2__ Prepare an extra credit report based on what you learn. __3__ Don't just physically sit in the chair. Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. Take leadership roles whenever they're offered. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and come prepared with notes and references for every debate.
Ask for help when you see you need it. Balancing different classes and assignments can make it difficult to keep up in every subject. If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary. __4__ Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice.
Ask your teacher for extra credit assignments, particularly if you receive a disappointing grade in a subject. Don't merely accept the mark. Do everything you can to raise it.
Stay physically fit. __5__ Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies. But be disciplined(有条理的). Schedule a study period for each day and stick to it.
A. Finish your homework in time. B. Participate in teamwork in class.
C. Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities. D. Try these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your class. E. Concentrate on what your teacher explains so that you can grasp the main points. F. Similarly, if you do well in a subject, tell your teacher you're available to help others. G. If you're studying World War Ⅱ， for instance, read biographies of the important players. 本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为班级的第一名提出了几点建议。 1. 【答案】 D
【解析】 根据空前的“Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school”及空后列举的几条建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故D项“在(向着这个目标前进的)途中尝试这些建议来帮助你成为班级的第一名”符合语境。
2. 【答案】 G
【解析】 根据本段的主旨句“Read beyond assigned reading”可知，本段主要讲的是要阅读老师布置的阅读材料之外的东西，再结合空处前后的内容可知，G项“例如，如果你正在学习第二次世界大战，就去读一读(战争的)重要参与者的自传”符合语境。“biographies of the important players”是对上文中的“extra information”的具体说明。 3. 【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文中的“Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams”和“If the class has a debating team, take part in it”可知，本段主要讲的是关于参与班级的集体活动方面的内容，故B项“在课堂中参与团队合作”符合语境。 4. 【答案】 F
【解析】 根据本段的主旨句“Ask for help when you see you need it”及下文中的“Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice”可知，空处内容应是与帮助同学有关，故F项“同样地，如果你某门功课学得好，告诉你的老师你可以帮助其他人”符合语境。 5. 【答案】 C
【解析】 根据本段的主旨句“Stay physically fit”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持身体健康。再结合下文中的“Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors”可知，此处说明的应是保持身体健康的方式，故C项“通过集体活动或个人活动获得大量的锻炼”符合语境。
C
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 36 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
● 37 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 38 .However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 39 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40 . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的具体建议。
36.F【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的＂But it doesn’t happen by accident＂可知，
这里是在讲＂你是否曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的＂。故F项＂You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden， too＂符合语境。
37.A【解析】考查子标题。根据下文中的＂a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to
garden＂可知，本段的主题应与你想要种植花园的原因有关，故选A项。
38.E【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的＂Some people may think...＂和＂Others are concerned
about...＂可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而E项中的＂Still others may simply enjoy...＂与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。
39.C【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的＂...but that’s not what’s important＂和下文中的＂how
being in those gardens made us feel＂可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C项符合语境。 40.G【解析】考查上下文的衔接。上文的＂the gardens of your youth＂以及下文的＂your childhood
memories＂与G项中的＂those gardens＂和＂the strongest memory you have＂相呼应， 故选G项。【名师点睛】
第小题37属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据倒数第二句＂However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.＂可知我们首先要知道为什么要搞园艺。故A项为本段的主题句。
当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。 2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。
D
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 37 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 39 When you have bought a fish and arrive home,
you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【语篇解读】本文向大家介绍了如何用简单的方法购买和烹制鱼。
36.G 【解析】考查与首句语意的一致性。由空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应该
保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选G。
37.D 【解析】考查句子的承上启下作用。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一
句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购买和烹制鱼的，故选D＂这只需要一点点知识就能做好＂。
38.F 【解析】考查主题句。段落的支撑细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过
嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因此可以判断F项正确。
39.A 【解析】考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性和代词的正确使用。空前提到，浓烈的气味说明鱼
已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知A项正确。
40.B 【解析】考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步
骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将装有鱼的盘子放入蒸锅中，蒸8至10分钟即可食用(以重约为一磅的鱼为例)。故选B项＂最简单的方法是蒸＂。 【名师点睛】
高考七选五解题方法：
1.通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。 2.分析句型，了解语法构成
3.当我们了解了文章大意后，要明确每一个空是填一个整句子还是半个句子。这一点十分重要，它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围，比如，有一个空的结尾处没有标点符号，后文紧跟着一个句子的后半部分，很显然这时我们需要填的是半个句子，这时便可以在七个选项中找到是半个句子的选项，从而缩小选择范围。
4.明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第36空，第39空和第40空都与它们的前一句有联系。 5.带入通读，复查
做完题目切忌直接离开，这是我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做＂连错＂，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。
E House Sitting
In many countries of the world people do what is called house sitting．It means that if owners of the house are going away，they want someone to come into their home and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away．
In Australia，many people travel．After people retire，they might buy a van and travel all over the country．（71）So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason，they might want someone in their home to care for it and keep the gardens tidy．House sitters might have to care for pets．Also，quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning．（72）A I feel it is a great way of seeing the country，because you go and stay in a new city，get to meet new people，and have time to go sightseeing in a new area．
（73）D There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel，and by replying to the advertisement，you can make arrangements to go and look after their home．
There are some requirements to be a house sitter.．You must be a trusted person，so that the home owner knows you will not steal anything．You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go，so you need lots of free time．（74）You need to be good with pets，able to care for cats and dogs，or other pets they may have．
Some house sitting jobs are just for a few days or a couple of weeks while the house owner have a short holiday．Sometimes it is for much longer．We have had one house sit for six months，while the home owner travelled to Europe．（75）Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there．One of the important things to get are references from the home owners where you have stayed．A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their home well．You can show these
letters to prospective house sitting jobs and they know you will do a good job． A．I have done house sitting many times． B．Thousands of people do this all the time．
C．It is also possible to do house sitting in other countries．
D．Generally you have many opportunities to get a house sitting job． E．You must take a little care over what your description says about you． F．This is an international house sitting service for all city and country areas． G．You must have a good car，so you can travel to different parts of the country．
【分析】 本文主要介绍了House Sitting（临时替别人照看\"房子\"）这种职业的特点；作者自己做这种工作的感受；找到这种工作的途径以及做这种工作需要具备的条件等，最后文中还介绍了到澳大利亚之外的一些国家去尝试这种工作的方法．
解答 答案：
71．B 细节推理题 由于第三段\"In Australia，
many people travel．After people retire，…over the country\"讲述了有许多人在退休后会外出旅行；结合各选项可知，答案B表达的意思与本段的内容相关，即：成千上万的人一直在做这件事（旅行）；故选B
72．A 细节推理题 根据第二段\"In many countries of the world people do what is called house sitting．\"提到了世界上许多国家的人都在做着所谓的临时替别人照看\"房子\"的工作，以及根据下一句\"I feel it is a great way of seeing the country\"作者认为这是去这个国家看看的一个很好的途径；因此可以推断出作者想去做这种工作或者是已经体验过这种工作了；故选A
73．D 内容归纳题 由于第五段主要介绍了找到这种工作（即：House Sitting，临时替别人照看\"房子\"）的途径；故选D
74．G 内容归纳题 通读第六段可知，\"There are some requirements to be a house sitter．\"为本段的中心句，主要介绍了作为a house sitter（一名临时替别人照看\"房子\"的工作人员）需要具备的一些要求；故选G
75．C 内容归纳题 根据上文主要对找到House Sitting（临时替别人照看\"房子\"）这样一份工作的途径以及做这种工作应具备的条件进行了介绍，以及根据最后一段
\"Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there．\"提到：然后你可以到许多不同的国家旅行，并待在那里；可知此处应是站在找该种工作的人的角度上讲的，即：你也可以到别的国家去尝试这种工作；故选C
点评 做本题的关键在于对整篇文章的深入理解，弄清句与句之间以及句子与所在段落的关系；由于本文结构清晰，内容明确，所以在做本题时，可以根据每一部分的中心意思或根据上下句的内容，推测出空缺部分的意思；另外，还可以通过仔细阅读备选项，排除与本文无关的选项或找到与相应段落意义相关的选项．
F
Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.
__1.__ Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time. Allow them to study in blocks of time，such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle.__2._ Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television，as that will encourage passive activity.__3.__ You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve set up a good study time for little learners，set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing. _4.__ Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
__5.__ This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.
A．Pick a place where your children can study properly.
B．Hold them to the schedule (时间表) they create for themselves. C．Finally, spend time with your kids when they're studying. D．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement，too. E. Instead，use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed. F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to. 本文主要讲述的是让孩子养成良好的学习习惯，要主动学习，自己制定学习计划，根据自己的学习时间表来学习。 【答案】 GBEAC
小题1:G 本段讲述内容就是要你的孩子养成良好的学习习惯，学会制定学习的计划，控制好自己的学习时间，故G项符合段落大意。
小题2:B 本段讲述的学习时间的制定方面的内容，要让他们坚持学习的时刻表。故Ｂ符合本段大意。 小题3:E 前句说不要让孩子养成被动学习的习惯，少看电视。可以把电视作为一种奖励的手段和方式，如果他们表现的好的时候，可以让他们看一会电视。故E项符合上下文。 小题4:A 本段谈论的是为孩子寻找一个良好的学习的场所。故A正确。
小题5:C 本段讨论的是父母要帮助孩子学习，在孩子学习的时候要多陪着孩子，故C符合本段的大意。
【点睛】该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。 【题型分析】
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容