一短语小结
1. Good learners 优秀的学习者 2.work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3.study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿
7.at first 起初 起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也
11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠 依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意 关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如
21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使 尽管 纵容 23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心 担忧
25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助
27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken English 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记
35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多
37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕
43.each other 彼此 互相 44.instead of 代替 而不是 二用法集萃
1.by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的
3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？
5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近 越……，就越……
7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（ 瞄准） 射
Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
一．短语归纳
1.put on 增加（体重）发胖 2.care about 关心 在乎
3.end up 最终成为， 最后处于 4.not only ……but also……不但……而且……
5.shoot down 射下 6.used to do 过去常常做…… 7.remind sb. of 使某人想起 8.give out 分发 发放
9.the water festival 泼水节 10.the Chinese spring festival 中国春节
11.next year 明年 12.sound like 听起来像
13.each other 互相 彼此 14.in the shape of 以……的形状 15.on mid-autumn night 在中秋之夜 16.fly up to 飞向 17.lay out 摆开 布置 18.come back 回来
19.as a result 结果 因此 20.mother‟s day 母亲节 21.more and more popular 越来越受欢迎 22.think of 想起 认为 思考
23.dress up 装扮 穿上盛装 24.the importance of ……的重要性
25.make money 挣钱 26.in need 需要帮助 处于困境中
27.between ……and… 在……和……之间 28.the dragon boat festival 龙舟节
29.the lantern festival 元宵节 30.like best 最喜欢
31.go to ……for a vacation 去……度假 32.be similar to 与……相似 33.wash away 冲走 洗掉 34.mid-autumn festival 中秋节 35.shoot down 射下 36.call out 大声呼喊
37.the tradition of ……的传统 38.at night 在夜里 在晚上 39.one……，the other……一个……，另一个… 40.Father‟s day 父亲节
41.have to 必须 不得不 42.play a trick on sb 捉弄某人
43.the spirit of ……的精神 44.care about 关心
45.wake up 醒来 46.the beginning of ……的开始 二．用法集萃 1.感叹句式一：What+（a/an） +adj+名词（+主语+谓语+其他）！ 多么……的…… 感叹句式二：How +adj/adv+主语+谓语+其他！ ……多么……！ 2.in+时间段 在……后 3.give sb. sth. 给某人某物 4.plan to do sth 计划做某事
5.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
6.one of +名词复数形式……之一
7.it +is+名词+动词不定式（to do sth）做某事是… 8.what …think of…？认为…怎么样？ 9.make sb do sth 让某人做某事 10.used to be 过去是……
11.warn sb（not） to do sth告诫某人做某事 12.tell sb（not）to do sth 告诉某人做某事 13.decide to do sth 决定 做某事
14.promise to do sth 承诺、答应做某事 三．语法全解
1.宾语从句 一．连词
a.陈述语序(that) b.一般疑问句(if 或whether) c.特殊疑问句(5w,1h) 二．陈述语序 三.时态
可跟that从句做宾语的动词：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等 例：I don‟t know what they are looking for.
Could you tell me when the train will leave?
注意：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例：I don‟t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 注意：由whether,if 引导的宾语从句 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的,意思是“是否”。
例：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
注意：当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
例：The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 2.感叹句结构（P56）
How+adj. /adv. + 主 + 谓！ What (a/an)+名+ 主 + 谓！ 例：What an interesting story it is! How tall Yao Ming is! 练习
a. 将下列句子改为感叹句
It‟s a nice dress. They are lovely animals. It‟s bad weather. Her son is very naughty
She is a very careful student.
unit3 Could you please tell me where the restaurants are?
一．短语归纳
1.a pair of 一对，一双，一副 2.between A and B在a和b之间 3.on one‟s / the way to 在去……的路上 4.pardon me 什么，请再说一遍 5.pass by 路过 经过 6.look forward to 盼望 期待 7.excuse me 打扰了 请原谅 8.get some magazines 得到一些杂志
9.get some information about 获取有关……的一些信息
10.turn left\\right 向左\\向右 转
11.go past 经过 路过 12.a little earlier 早一点儿 13.a good place to eat 一个吃饭的好地 14.in different situation 在不同的情况下
15.on time 准时 按时 16.get to 到达
17.have dinner 吃晚餐 18.on one‟s / \he right在右边 19.come on 快点 请过来 20.the shopping center 购物中心 21.the corner of....... 的角落/拐角处 22.lead into 导入 引入 二.用法集萃
1．not ……· until……直到……猜…… You never know until you try something. 2.let‟s do sth 咱们做某事吧！
3.spend time doing sth 话费时间做某事 4.thank sb for doing sth 为做某事而感谢某 5.would like to do sth 想要做某事 6.look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
7.It seems (that)…
It seems a rock band plays there every evening. 8.Could you please tell me... ?
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office? 9.take的用法
① take some food take some medicine （=have吃，喝） ② take notes做笔记 ③ take one‟s temperature ( 测量 ） ④ It takes sb some time/money to do something （ 花费，需要 ） ⑤ I‟ll take this coat.（=buy购买）
⑥ take somebody / something to （ 带领，拿去，取 ）
⑦take a train to Chongqing （ 乘坐 ） ⑧ take off（ 脱下） 10.turn 的用法
turn to page 80 翻到 It is your turn.轮到你了 at the turning 在转弯处 turn on/ off/ up/ down 关 turn right/ left at the first turning /crossing
unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
一．短语归纳
1.used to do 过去常常做 2.deal with 对付 应付
3.be proud of 为……骄傲 ，感到自豪 4.take pride in 为……感到自豪 5.from time to time 时常，有时 6.in public 公开地
7.in person 亲身，亲自 8.take up sth 开始做，接受，占用 9.not……anymore 不再 10.worry about 为……担忧 11.hang out 闲逛 12.think about 考虑
13.be alone 独处 14.on the soccer team 在足球队 15.no longer 不再 16.make a decision 做决 定 17.to one‟s surprise 令某人吃惊的是 18.even though 尽管
19.pay attention to 对……注意，留心 20.in the last few years 在过去的几年里
21.be afraid of 害怕 22.turn red 变红 23.tons of attention 很多关注 24．be careful 当心
25.give up 放弃 26.a very small number of …极少数的……
27.give a speech 作演讲 28.all the time 一直 总是
29.be interested in 对……感兴趣 30.change one‟s life 改变某人的生活
31.take care of 照顾 32.one of……,……之一 二．用法集萃
1.used to do sth 过去常常做某
2.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 3.have to do sth 必须做某事 4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.give up doing sth 放弃做什么 6.try to do sth 尽力做某事
7.adj+ enough to do sth 足够…而能够做某事 8.be prepared to do sth 准备做某事 9.see sb doing sth 看见某人在做某事 10.10.begin to so sth 开始做某事
11require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 12.decide to do 决定做某事
13.make a decision to do sth 决定做某事
14. 14.It‟s hard to believe that …很难相信……
15.It +has+been +一段时间+ since+从句 自从……以来已经有很多 长时间了 16.dare to do sth 敢于做某事
17.It‟s adj+ for sb+ to do sth对某人来说做某 18.take up doing sth 开始做某事 三．语法全解 1. 辨析：
used to do sth. 过去常常做…
get/be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于…
be used to do 被用于做…（被动语态） be used by 由(被)…使用（被动语态） be used as … 被当做…使用（被动语态） be used for doing 被用于做…（被动语态）
例: I used to go to work by bus. Now I take a taxi. He used to be a problem boy. She used to be very shy.
I‟m used to drinking a cup of water after meal. He‟s been used to living in the dormitory. A hammer is used to drive nails.
This machine is used to clean the floor.
The girl is being used as a servant in the house. A knife can be used for cutting bread. 2) afford（支付得起）的用法
afford sth 买得起……afford to do sth 有足够的…去做… 例：His mother couldn‟t afford to pay for her child‟s education.
They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not.
We can‟t afford to pay such a price. （such和so区别见P110） 3) take pride in sth/ sb = be proud of sth/ sb 为…感到自豪
例：He was watching me and take pride in everything good I do.
I take pride in my child. =I‟m proud of my child.
注：He take pride in everything good I do. 这是一个定语从句。省略了关系代词that。先行词为不定代词时，关系代词只能用that。 4）the+序数词+最高级+N 第几（大/长/高…） One of the/形容词性物主代词+Ns 谓语用三单 例：He is now one of the best students in his class
One of my best friends is a doctor.
One of his most expensive pens has been lost.
The yellow river is the second largest river in china.
Mount Qomolangma is the first highest mountain around the world
unit5 What are the shirts made of ?
一短语归纳
1.be made of 由...制成的(表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么) 2.be made from 由...制成的（在成品中已无法辨认原材料） 3.be known for 以...闻名 4.be used for 被用于... 5.no matter 不论；无论 6.be covered with 用...覆盖
7.as far as i know 据我所知 8.by hand 用手
9.be good for 对……有益
10.on the last friday of each month最后一个星期五 11.be good at 擅长
12.make high-technology products 制造高科技产品 13.the earth‟s surface 地球表面
14.many different kinds of 许多不同种类的 15.fly a kite 放风筝 16.such as 例如
17.according to 根据 按照 18.ask for help 请求帮助
19.a symbol of ……的象征
20.put……on…… 把……放在……上 21.be used for 被用于做…… 22.good luck 好运
23.at a very high heat 在高温下 24.be made in 在……制造的
25.be famous for 以……著名 26.on the sides of mountains 在山腰上 27.traffic accident 交通事故 28.a kite festival 风筝节 29.be from 来自
30.turn ……into ……把……变成…… 31.send out 放出
32.in trouble 处于困境中 33.rise into 上升 上涨 34.paper cutting 剪纸
35.be used by 被……使用
36.during the spring festival 在春节期间 37.sky lanterns 孔明灯 38.all over the world 全世界 二．用法集萃
1. no matter +what / when / where =whatever / whenever / wherever 2. “无论什么/什么时候/哪里”
3. it放在find / found 后做形式宾语的用法 4. It seems that +从句 “好像……”
4.buy sb.sth.=buy sth for sb 给某人买某物 5.avoid doing sth 避免做某事
6.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 7.want to do sth 想做某事
8.learn to do sth 学会 做某事
9.It takes + sb. +一段时间 + to do sth做某事花费某人多长时间 10.try to do sth 尽力做某事
10.辨析：be made of 由...制作/制造(材料)：在成品中能看出原材料
be made from由...制造/制成(材料)：在成品中看不出原材料 be made in在...制作/制造 (产地) Made in China.中国制造 例：The desk is made of wood. Bread is made of flour. The paper is made from wood. Wine is made of grapes. This kind of plane is made in China. 11. be famous for 以...闻名;为人知晓
be known for因...而闻名 be famous as作为...而闻名 be known as作为...而闻名 例：Jingdezhen is famous for china. China is famous for its tourism. Mo Yan is very famous as a writer. 12. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 allow doing sth be allowed to do sth
例：Please allow me to come in.
My boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone. We were not allowed to talk in class. They allowed smoking in this room only.
注意：allow只可搭配动名词短语作宾语，不可直接搭用动词不定式作宾补，即只可说allow doing sth，不可说allow to do sth.
13.一般现在时的被动语态（见P155页）
结构：am/is/are+过去分词
Unit6 When was it invented ?
一．短语归纳
1.It's my pleasure.= My pleasure. 我的荣幸 2.seem+to+动词原形 好像做某事 3.such a great invention 如此伟大的一项发明 4.think of = think about 想到，考虑 5.in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中 6.in my daily life在我的日常生活中
7.have a point 有道理 9.over an open fire 在篝火上 11.It is said that 据说 13.fall into(过去式fell into)=drop into掉进… 15.spread to other countries 传播到其他国家 17.bring(brought) sth. to sp.把某物带到某处 19.less than少于，不到 more than = over 超过 21.at that time 在那时 人(不要)做某事
23.start doing sth 开始做某事 25.(be) similar to 与……相似 27.by mistake 错误地，无意地 29.divide ...into…把…分成… 后
31.at the same time 同时 某人做某事
33.come up with 想出 人做某事
35.the purpose of ……的目的 人做某事
37.look up to sb.钦佩某人 39.work together 一起工作 想实现梦
41.My dream will come true.我的梦想会实现 43.on a hard floor 在坚硬的地板上 引路人
45.Don't mention it.不客气，不用谢 47.be used for doing sth=be used to do sth 事
二．用法集萃
8.by accident 偶然地，意外地 10.it mentioned that 它提到 人们相信 14.in the 19th century 在19世纪 16.at a low price 以很低的价格 18.all of a sudden 突然地 20.without doubt 毫无疑问
22.advise sb (not) to do sth建议某 24.work on sth 致力于某事 26.the Olympics 奥运会 28.make a mistake 犯错 30.in the end = at last = finally 最 32.teach(taught) sb to do sth 教34.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某36.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某38.look up the word 查找单词 40.I want to achieve my dream.我 42.work hard 努力工作
44.lead to导致 leader 领导，46.translate...into....把…翻译成… 48.dream of doing sth 梦想做某 12.It is believed that 1. be used to do 被用来做某事
be used as 被用作…
be used by sb. 被某人使用
2.help sb do sth.=help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3.make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth.决定做某事 4.make sb. + adj. 使某人怎么样
make sb do sth使某人做某事
be made to do sth 被使唤去做某 5..in this way这样，用这种方式 三语法全解
1．some time 一段时间
sometimes 有时 s some times几次 sometime 某个时候
2．one of the world's favorite drinks世界最受欢迎的饮料之一.one of …之一，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用单数（一般要加S）；favorite,最喜欢的，前面要用“谁的”.
3．thousand千hundred百million百万，当它们前面有数字的时候，它们本身不能加S,当它们后面有of的时候它们要加S，但前面的数字和后面的of不能同时存在 4．not…until直到…才,
5．I don„t go to sleep until 11 every day.我每天直到11点才睡觉。
6．take place 表示预料之中的事情的发生，happen表示预料不到的事情的发生，两个“发生”都没有被动
7．alone adv.独自，如live alone 独自居住； lonely adj,孤单的，如a lonely person 8．enough, 足够的，修饰名词时放前面，如enough money足够的钱; 修饰形容词或副词时放后面，如old enough（年龄）足够大 9．not only ... but also...不但…而且…，句子中的动词要根据but also后面的人来确定单复数(即“就近原则”)，如 Not only I but also she likes the new teacher.
10．the number of …的数量，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用单数（is） a number of 许多…，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用复数（are） 11．else 和 other 都表示“别的”，else 一般放在who、what等特殊疑问词或somebody 、someone等不定代词后，如someone else别人who else别的谁，而other一般放在名词前，如other animals
12．such和so 都表示“如此”，such 后面一般跟名词短语，如such good weather,而so 后面一般跟形容词或副词，如so beautiful 12. 辨析invent; find; find out; discover
invent“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物 例：Who invented the telephone?
He invented a new teaching method．
find“找到、发现”，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，
着重指找到的结果。
例：We've found oil under the South Sea． I finally found my English book.
find out指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。 例：I've found you out at last.
Please find out when the ship sails for New York. Please find out what time the delegation will come.
discover“发现”，表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。
Columbus discovered America in1492．
We soon discovered the truth． 我们很快就弄清了真相。 13.一般过去时的被动语态（见P188页） 结构：was/were+过去分词
Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own
clothes.
一．短语归纳
1.get his driver‟s license 取得驾驶执照 2.no way没门，不行
3.sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的人sixteen-year-old 十六岁的 4. be worried about=worry about 担
5. have part-time jobs 做兼职工作 6. get one‟s ears pierced 打耳洞
7. get / have / make sth. done 使某物被做…… 8. stop doing sth 停止做某事
9. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
10. spend time with sb. 花时间和某人在一起 11.take photos, take a photo 照相 12.use a flash 使用闪光灯
13.all night 整夜 14.stay by my side 呆在我身边
15.make sure = be sure 确保，确定 16.keep sb. (away) from sth使某人远离某物 17. hurt oneself 伤害某人自己 18. give sb. a hug = hug sb. 拥抱某人
19.lift sb.up 举起某人
20. cough badly 剧烈地咳嗽
21. talk back 回嘴 22. an adult 一个成人
23. think back to 回想起 24. regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
25. make one‟s own decision 做某人自己的觉得 26.too + adj.+ to do sth. 太…而不能做某事 27.learn…from…从…学到… 28.agree with sb 同意某人的观点
29.disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点 30.move out 搬出去
31.take care of = look after=care for 照顾 32.manage one‟s own life 管理自己的生活
33.manage to do sth 努力完成某事 34. that is why 那就是为什么…
35.continue to do sth继续做某事 36. take a test参加考试
37.pass the test通过考试 38.fail the test考试不及格
39.be strict with sb in sth在某方面对某人要求严格 40.get in the way of妨碍…
41.a running star一个跑步明星
42.a professional runner一个专业的跑步运动员 43.grow up长大
44.allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某人
45.should be allowed to do sth. 应该被允许去做某事 46.have nothing against doing sth.不反对做某事 47.succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 48.fail to do sth. 做某事失败
49.end up with 以…结束 end up as 最终成为 50.practice doing sth.练习做某事 51.see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 52.spend time on sth.在某事上花时间 spend time in doing sth在做某事上花时间 53. care about sb.关心某人 54.talk with sb. about sth.和某人谈论某事 55.make a choice做选择
56.have a chance to do sth.有机会去做某事
二．用法集萃
1．She is a sixteen-year-old girl.=She is sixteen years old. 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态） ___be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态） ___Mother allows me to watch TV every night. ___LiLy is allowed to go to America. 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使（别人）做某事___ get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done I get my hair cut. == I have my hair cut. 4. enough 足够___
形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough___足够漂亮 enough＋名词___如：enough food 足够食物 enough…to ___足够…去做…
例：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事___ Please stop speaking. stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事___Please stop to speak. 6. 系动词用法：系动词+adj
常用的系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。 例：They are very happy.
He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. The grass turns green.
7. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 8. also 用于句中 I also like apples.
either用于否定句句末 I don‟t like apples, either. too 用于肯定句句末 I like apples, too.
Unit 8 It must belong to Caral
一．短语归纳
1. belong to… 属于… 2. toy truck 玩具卡车 3. her favorite writer 她最喜爱的作家 4. the only little lid唯一的小孩 5. listen to pop music听流行音乐 6. hair band 发带
7. attend a concert 参加音乐会 8. in the music hall 在音乐大厅
9. something valuable 贵重的东西 10.go to a picnic=go for a picnic去野餐
11. at the picnic在野餐时 12. the rest of my friends 我其余的朋友 13. pick it up 捡起，拾起 14. each other=one another 互相，彼此 15. nothing much没什么（事） 16. something unusual不寻常的东西 17. something strange奇怪的事 18. anything else其它的东西 19. be interviewed by… 被…采访 20. strange noises 奇怪的声音 21. outside our window在我们的窗外 22. next-door neighbor隔壁邻居 23. at first 首先，起初 24. run away 逃走
25. feel uneasy 感到不安 26. have no idea=don‟t know 不知道 27. go away 走开，离开 28. noise-maker 噪音的制造者 29. have fun doing sth.做某事开心 30. create fear制造恐惧
31. in the neighborhood 在社区 32. There must be …doing sth.一定有…在做某事
33. in the laboratory 在实验室 34. hear water running听见流水声
35. cough a lot 咳得厉害 36. run after追赶 37. a woman with a camera 一位拿相机的妇女 38. at work 在工作
39.might be late for work 可能上 40. must be dreaming一定在做梦 41. run for exercise跑步锻炼 42. run to do sth. 跑着去做某事 43. catch a bus 赶公共汽车 44. make a movie 拍电影 45. wear a suit 穿西服/套装 46. express a difference / result表达差异 / 结果 47. add information 添加信息 48. at the same time 同时 49. a rock circle 一个石头圈 50. not only …but also…不仅…而且…
51.Britain‟s most famous historical places 英国最著名的的 历史名胜 52.receive more than 10 visitors 接待10多名游客 53.on the longest day of the year 在一年中最长的那天 54. ancient leaders古代领导者
55. a group of… 一群… 56.. a bit late 有点晚儿
57. communicate with the gods 与上帝交流58 so many centuries ago许多世纪前 59. point out 指出 60. a kind of calendar 一种日历 61. put together 放在一起 62. in a certain way 以某种方式 63. on midsummer‟s morning 在仲夏的上午44.shine directly into… 直接照进… 65. the center of the stones石头的中心 66. a medical purpose 一个医学目的 67. prevent illness 阻止疾病 68. move up 上升，提升 69. from your feet move up your body 从你的脚上升到你的身体
70. the position of… …的位置 71.for a special purpose为了一个特别的目的 72. a burial place 一个墓地 73. a place to honor ancestors祭拜祖先的地方 74.celebrate a victory over an enemy庆祝战胜敌人 75. a long period of time 很长一段时间 二．用法集萃
1.must, may, might, could, may, can‟t+动词原形 表示推测，程度不同
must 一定,肯定(100%的可能性)
may, might, could有可能, 也许(20%－80%的可能性) can‟t 不可能, 不会(可能性几乎为零)
例：The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it.
The CD might/could/may belong to Tony, because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band can‟t be Bob‟s. After all, he is boy!
2. take place 常指“(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生”(二者都无被动) happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然或未能预见的“发生” 例:Great changes have taken place in China since. New things are happening all around us. take place还有“举行”之意。
例:The meeting will take place next Friday. happen还可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意
例:It happened that I had no money on me. 3. try to do sth.尝试做某事
try/do one‟s best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事 例：I try to climb the tree. He tried his best to run. 4. there be sb./ sth. doing 例：There is a cat eating fish.
There must be something visiting our home. 5. 辨析because of , because
because of +名词/代词/名词性短语 because +从句
例：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。 6. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西
当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to
一．短语归纳
1. dance to (music) 随着（音乐）跳舞 2. sing along with 随着…一起唱 3. musicians who play different kinds of music弹奏不同类型音乐的音乐家
4. electronic music 电子音乐 5. not much 没什么（事） 6. suppose sb to do sth. 猜想某人做某事 7. be supposed to do sth 应该做某事 8. suppose sb (to be) +adj. 原以为… 9. have spare time 有空闲时间 10. in one‟s spare time在某人的空闲时间 11. spare the time to do sth 抽时间做… 12. a film director 一名电影导演 13. think too much 想太多
14. in that case 既然那样 15. World War II 第二次世界大战 16. smooth music 悦耳的音乐 17. prefer A to B 比起B来更喜欢A 18. prefer doing A to doing B 19. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 20. feel like doing sth 想要做某事 21. stick to 坚持，固守
22. be down 悲哀，沮丧 23. cheer sb up 使… 高兴/ 振奋 24. have a happy ending 有个美满的结局 25. try one‟s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做…
26. less serious 不那么严重 27. a good way to do sth 做某事的好办法 28. make me feel even sadder 让我感觉更伤心 29. provide plenty of information about a certain subject 提供了大量的关于某个主题的信息
30. shut off my brain 关闭我的大脑 31. in time 及时 on time 按时/准时 32. once in a while 偶尔的，有时 33.write one‟s own lyrics 自己写歌词 34.sing the words clearly歌词唱的清楚 35. take sb to sw.带某人去某地
36. Chinese folk music 中国民间音乐 37.be played on the erhu 由二胡演奏的 38 move sb.感动某人, sb. be moved by… 39. strangely beautiful 异常的/出奇的美 40. sense a strong sadness and pain 感觉到一种强烈的伤感和痛苦 41. one of the most moving pieces of mus 最令人感动的乐曲之一
42. look up 查看，查阅 43. be written by sb. 由/ 被…写的 44. in the city of… 在…市 45. play many musical instruments 弹奏很多的乐器 46. by age 17 到17岁的时候 47. be known for musical ability 因音乐才能而出名 48. develop a serious illness 得了一种很重的病
49. become blind 成了盲人，变瞎 50. for several years 几年
51. make money 赚钱 52. get married (to sb) （和某人）结婚 53. continue to do sth. 继续做某事 54.perform in this way用这种形式表演 55. during/ in one‟s lifetime在某人有生之年 56. by the end of… 到…末为止 57. It‟s a pity that… … 遗憾的是… 58. in total 总共 59. be recorded for the future world to hear 被记录下来供后人聆听 60. the great erhu masters 很棒的二胡大师 61. master a foreign language 掌握一门外语
62. praise …for… 因为…赞美 63. China‟s national treasures 中国的国家珍宝 64. paint a picture of…描绘了一幅…画
65. recall one‟s deepest wounds 唤起某人最深的伤痛
66. painful experiences 痛苦的经历 67. a time for spreading joy 传播快乐的时间 二．用法集萃 1.prefer的用法
【1】prefer A to B、A与B相比较,比较喜欢A
例:I prefer English to Chinese. I___prefer___fish___to___meat.
【2】prefer doing A to doing B,A与B相比,比较喜欢做A
例：I prefer swimming to running.
【3】prefer to do A rather than do B，A与B相比,比较喜欢做A 例：I preferred to stay behind rather than go with you. 【4】词组prefer not to do “不愿意做……” 2. whatever 相当于no matter what
例:Wherever you go, whatever you do, I‟ll be right here waiting for you. 3. cheer up高兴起来；振作起来 使欢乐；使高兴 例:Cheer up！Your troubles will soon be over． He tried to cheer them up with funny stories．
1. marry娶;嫁;结婚;和...结婚 marry sb. / get married 表示动作 例. He married a pretty girl.
She married a soldier. =She got married to a soldier. They got married last year. 4. keep healthy 保持健康
例. In order to keep healthy, he keeps jogging every day.
keep in good health, keep fit和 stay healthy 都表示“保持健康” 巧记以o结尾的名词变复数：
注：,hero英雄,tomato西红柿,potato土豆,这些词变复数时要加是-es, 其余以o结尾的加-s。___
5.定语从句观察两个句子,看看有什么区别:
an interesting book ______形容词interesting做定语修饰book
a book that is interesting _________that is interesting句子做定语修饰book
interesting/that is interesting作用是相同的,都是用作定语来修饰名词book, 这种在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定义：复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句要跟在所修饰的名词或代词后面，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句一般用关系代词who，that，which和whose来引导，放在从句的句首使从句与主句相连，并在句中担当一定的成分。
______I like music that I can dance to. (作宾语)
______I prefer singers who can write their own songs. (作主语) 注1：That在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that 可省略)
Unit 10 You are supposed to shake hands
一．短语归纳
1. be supposed to do sth 应该做… 2. be expected to do sth. 应该/被期望做… 3. shake hands (with…) (和…) 握手 4. bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬 5. for the first time 首次，第一次 6. people in Korea 韩国的人们 7. greet sb.( in) the wrong way以错误的方式问候某人
8. be invited to sw. 被邀请去…9. be invited to do sth. 被邀请做… 10.welcome party 欢迎会 11. as soon as 一… 就…（引导时间状从） 12. as soon as sb can 尽可能快的。。。 13.hold out (my hands) 伸出（我的手）
14. on both sides of my face在我的两个脸颊上
15. be from= come from 来自 16. be relaxed about 对…放松/随意 17. a bit/ little late 晚一点
18. value the time we spend with sb珍惜我们与某人度过的时间 19.in our everyday lives 在我们的日常生活中 20. drop by 顺便拜访，随便进入
21.make plans ( to do sth.) 计划做某事
22. plan to do sth.计划做某事
23. on the side of the face在脸的一侧 24. the town center 在城镇中心 25. as many as sb can = as many as possible 尽可能多的…
26. be on time 守时 27. the capital of clocks and watches钟表之都 28. after all 毕竟，终归 29. at noon 在中午
30. 15 minutes late 迟到15分钟 31. get / be mad (at sb) 生气，气愤 32.make an effort (to do sth) 努力做…33.avoid heavy traffic 避免交通拥挤 34.keep sb waiting让某人一直等候 35.without calling first 没有事先打电话 36.go abroad 出国 at home 在国内 37. be important to 对…是重要的 38. bring your passport 带护照 39.clean … off 把…擦掉 40 clean the chalk off the blackboard 把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉 41.the northern coast of Norway 挪威的北海岸
42. during the winter season 在冬季 43. knock at/ on 敲（门，窗…） 44. take off 脱下，起飞 45. be worth doing sth. 值得做… 46. table manners 餐桌礼仪 47. mind your manners 注意你的礼仪 48. stick …into… 把... 插进… 49.hit an empty bowl 敲空碗 50. point at指着, point to指向 （侧重方向）
51. at the table 在餐桌旁 52 at table 在吃饭 53.basic table manners 基本的餐桌礼仪
54. my biggest challenge 我最大的挑战
55. 55. on my student exchange program 在我的交换生生 56.there is no reason to do sth.没原因做
57. go out of one‟s way (to do sth.)特地做某事…, 格外努力做… 58.make sb feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归
59. a teenage granddaughter 一个十几岁的（外）孙女 60. talk to sb in French用法语和…交谈 61.be comfortable doing 舒服/轻松做某事
62.behave well/ badly/ politely举止好 63. behave oneself 举止规矩 64. as you can imagine 正如你想象的那样 65. be different from 与…不同 66.be / get used to sth 习惯于某事 be / get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 67. gradually get used to sth逐渐习惯某事 68. cut it up 把它切开 69. eat it with a fork 用叉子吃它
70.put your elbows on the table 把肘部放在桌子上
71. have a safe trip 一路平安，旅途愉快 72. show up 出席，露面，到场， 二．用法集萃 1.（1）suppose：猜想;假设 suppose that表示“猜测;假设”，that可省 例：I suppose he is a student.
（2）be supposed to do sth被期望做某事，应该做某事。相当于 should 例：We are supposed to stop smoking.
2. make plans to do == plan to do. 打算做某事___
例She has made plans to go to Beijing.=She has planed to go to Beijing. go out of one‟s way to do 特意，专门做某事___ 例：He went out of his way to make me happy.
3. In Switzerland, it‟s very important to be on time. 分析：it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。
例：To clean the blackboard is your job.＝It‟s your job to clean the blackboard. 4. We are the land of watches, after all. 毕竟我们是钟表王国。 （1）the land of watches钟表王国 例：China is the land of bikes. （2）after all毕竟 例：After all your brother is a little kid. 【练习】 Don‟t be angry with her, _____ she is your mother.
A. at first B. by the way C. after all D. in a word
5. Thanks for...＝Thank you for...表示“因...而感谢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词 6. 辨析except和besides
（1）except“除......之外”不包括所说的东西
例：I get up early except Sunday. （不包括星期天） Nobody was late for the meeting except me today. （2）besides的意思是“除了......之外，还有”
例：Five others are late besides me. （包含我在内）
7. not ...any more=no more 不再 not... any longer＝no longer 不再
例：The boy didn‟t cry any more/longer when he saw his mother. 【练习】Don‟t try to fool us. We are not children _______
A. any longer B. any more C. after all D. A, B and C 8.辨析maybe和may be
（1）maybe 副词：“大概、或许”，常用于句首表示不确定的猜测。 例：Maybe your father is at home.
（2）may be 情态动词：may＋动词原形be构成句子的谓语，情态动词may表示推测，译为：也许 许、可能
【练习】Look at that tall man. He ______ your new teacher. A. maybe B. really be C. to be
Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry
一．短语归纳 1.would rather 宁愿 2.quiet music轻音乐
3.drive sb.crazy/mad 使某人发疯、发狂 4.the more,the more越...越... 5.be friends with sb成为某人的朋友 6.leave out 忽略，不提及，不包括 7.have fun with和某人过的愉快 8.call sb.in召来；叫来
9.neither...nor...既不...也不... 10.feel like [doing] sth想要
11.take one‟s position取代 位置 12.for no reason无理；无缘无故 13.to start with起初；开始时 14.search for搜寻
15.even though即使 16.feel like感觉像... 17.let...down使失望 18.kick sb.off 开除某人 19.be hard on.sb对某人苛刻 20.rather than而不是
21.pull together齐心协力；通力合作 22.(be)in agreement同意
23.hear sb.doing sth听见某人正在做某事 二．用法集萃 1重点句式：
1. I‟d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I‟m eating. 我宁愿去蓝色海洋餐厅，因为我吃饭时喜欢听轻音乐。 2. But the music makes me sleepy.但是那种音乐让我想睡觉。 3. Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy. 等待艾米迫使缇娜发疯。
4. The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy mad.这部电影是如此悲伤以至于让缇娜和艾米发狂。
5. ——Did you have fun with Amy last night?
——Well ?yes and no .She was really later. ——你昨晚和艾米一起过得愉快吗？ ——嗯??是也不是，她昨晚迟到很久。
6. The more I got to know Julie , the more I‟ve realized that we have a lot in common. 我越了解朱莉，越发现我们之间有很多的共同之处。 7. Then she won‟t feel left out. 那么她就不会感到被冷落了。
8. He slept badly and didn‟t feel like eating. 他睡眠很糟糕，并且他不想吃东西。 9．Neither medicine nor rest can help him, 药和休息都帮不了他。
10.Many people are trying to take my position. 许多人正试图夺取我的位置。 11.I‟m afraid I‟m not happy either. 恐怕我也不开心。
12.He felt like there was a heavy weight on his shoulders as he walked home alone, 当独自走在回家的路上的时候，他感觉双肩上有沉重的负担。 13.How could he have missed socoring the goal？ 他怎么没把球射进呢？
14.He had let his whole team down. 他让他的整个球队失望了。
15.But whatever it was , don‟t be too hard on yourself. 但是无论结果怎样，不要对自己要求太苛刻。
16.Besides, winning or losing is only half the game .The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes. 此外，输赢只占比赛的一半，而剩余的一半是学会如何和队友沟通和从你所犯的错误中学习。
17.Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart. 彼得并没有害怕，而是勇敢地参加足球训练。 18.We were so close to winning the game. 我们差点就赢了那场比赛。 巧记歌诀； 使役动词巧记歌 使役动词真奇怪， To在句中像妖怪; 主动句中它走开， 被动句中它回来； 动词let 要除外
To词可来可不来。
Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected
一．短语归纳
1. by the time 在……之前 2. be full of 充满
3. give . . . a lift 捎（某人）一程 4. go off 响铃 5. rush out 冲出
6. wake up 醒来 wake sb. up 叫醒某人 7. at least 至少；反正
8. be about to do sth. 将要做某事 9. go on 发生；向前走 10. stare at 盯着……看 11. in disbelief 怀疑地
12. in line with . . . (与……)成一排 13. turn into 变成
14. jump out of 从……跳下 15. show up 赶到；露面
16. by the end of 在（某时间点）以前 17. get dressed 穿衣服
18. stay up 熬夜
19. April Fool's Day 愚人节 20. Costume party 化妆舞会 21. sell out 卖光 22. take place 发生
23. play jokes on sb. 和某人开玩笑 24. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
25. end up doing sth. 结果是（做）…；以（做）…而告终 end up with sth. 以某事结束 26. get married to 和……结婚
27. police officer 警官 28. run out of 用光；耗完 二．用法集萃
1. Life is full of the unexpected. 生活充满了意外。 be full of （= be filled with） 充满，装满
①Our life ____________________（充满）chances, but there are also a lot of challenges.
②The box ____________________（装满）books.
③On hearing the news, her heart was _____ gratitude（感激）.
A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with
2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我到外面的时候，公共汽车已经离开了。 by the time 在……以前 （常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时。） By the time I got up, he had already left. 我起床时，他已经走了。
① I overslept this morning. By the time I got to the train station, the train ____________（leave）.
②By the time of last term, we ______ all the lessons.
A. finished B. have finished C. had finished D. will finish ③____ the time I heard the noise, it had already gone. A. By B. When C. At
【拓展】by now 表示“到现在为止”，通常与现在完成时连用。
By now I have collected 200 dolls.
3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把书包落在家里了。 leave sth. +地点 把某物落在某处
①By the time I locked the door, I realized I _____ my keys at home. A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
②I'm sorry. I ____ my English homework at home. －Don't forget ____ it to school tomorrow.
A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring
4. My alarm clock didn't go off! 我的闹钟没有响！ go off 发出响声 I was late today because my alarm clock didn't ____. A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up
5. Luckily, Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car. 幸运的是,卡尔的老爸在街上看到我，就捎了我一程。
give sb. a lift（=give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb. ） 捎某人一程 ①The poor old woman was standing in the middle of the road and asked someone to ____.
A. give him a ride B. give her a ride C. enjoy a ride D. accept a ride ②Tom drove by and gave me a ____ on the way home. A. flight B. Run C. walk D. lift
6. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 当我正要上楼,这时我决定先去买杯咖啡。
be about to（do sth.） 将要；正打算；即将；就要 强调动作马上就要发生，不与具体的时间状语连用。
Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start. A. about B. with C. for D. At
7. I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.
我去了我最喜欢的咖啡店，虽然它在我办公室东边两个街区以外。 even though 即使， 虽然， 尽管 （用于引导让步状语从句）
①I don't like vegetables ____ they are good for my health. A. because B. even though C. after all D. so that
②____ Frank left school at 16, he still become a successful writer. A. Ever since B. In fact C. After all D. Even though
8. Last Friday night, my friend invited me to his birthday party. 上周五晚上，我朋友邀请我参加他的生日聚会。
⑴invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
①Let's call up Jim and invite ______ to play football. A. he B. him C. his
⑵invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地
②He invited a lot of friends _______________（come）to his birthday party. ③She was very pleased because we invited ______ to stay with us at ______ house. A. she; we B. her; our C. her; ours D. hers; us
④Claudia, are you going to Jeff 's birthday party on Saturday? －Unless I______ . A. will be invited B. am invited C. was inviting D. invited
⑤Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night. －Oh, I _______ to the party.
A. am invited B. was invited C. am not invited D. wasn't invited
9. After an hour, the other kids showed up... 一小时后，其他的孩子们都来了... show up 赶到；露面；出席 ★常见带show的短语
on show（= on display） 展出；表演 show off 炫耀；卖弄） show sb. around 带某人四处参观/看看
show sb. sth.（=show sth. to sb.） 给某人看某物
①He didn't show _______ until the meeting was over. A. on B. out C. in D. up
②－It's everyone's duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign. －Sure. We should try to _____ all the food that we've ordered. A. give up B. eat up C. turn up D. show up
③I used to _______ with my wife and watch TV movies at home. A. show up B. wake up C. come up D. stay up
④His works are _____________ in the library today. 他的作品今天在图书馆展出。 ⑤ __________________________ is very boring. 正放映的那部电影非常枯燥。 ⑥All right, there's no need ___________________. 好了，没必要炫耀。
⑦He likes to ______________ his abilities. 他喜欢卖弄自己的才能。 ⑧Would you _____________________ ? 可以带我参观一下吗？ ⑨She __________________ new book. 她给我看她的新书。
10. It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 它发生在每年的四月一日，这一天许多人互相之间搞恶作剧开玩笑。
play tricks on sb.（捉弄某人） play jokes on sb.（对某人开玩笑） It's impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _____on disabled people. A. fun B. jokes C. tricks D. parts
【链接】laugh at（嘲笑） make fun of（取笑；拿……开玩笑）
11. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. 很多人赶到当地的超市抢购意大利面条，能买多少就买多少。 as +形容词/副词+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词+ as possible. 尽可能地……
They finished the work quickly as possible = They finished the work as quickly as they could.
The cat wants to eat out the food ______________________________. 这只猫想要尽快吃掉这些食物。
12. Many April Fool's jokes may end up being not very funny. 许多愚人节玩笑的结局并不是那么有趣。
13. ⑴end up doing sth. 结果是（做）…；以（做）…而告终 I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing. ⑵end up with sth. 以某事结束/告终
The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese. ⑶end up sth. 结束某事
The scientist ended up his speech at last.
①The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place. A. give up B. clear up C. end up D. make up ②The party _________ with a beautiful song.
A. ended up B. end up C. is ended up D. ending up 13. He asked her to marry him. 他向她求婚。 ⑴A marry B A与B结婚；A娶了/嫁给B
⑵A and B get married （= A and B are married） A和B结婚 ⑶marry A to B 把A 嫁给B
⑷be /get married to sb. 与某人结婚
①She _____________________________ a rich man. 他把女儿嫁给了有钱人。②Kate and Tom ________________ last year. 凯特和汤姆在去年结婚。
③ _____________________on January, 1994. 一九九四年一月，比尔娶了玛丽为妻。
④ Betty, did your son get married in the year 2010. － Yes , he _____ for about 5 years. A. has married B. has been married C. has got married D. was married
14. How did you feel about this day? 这一天，你觉得如何？ How do you feel about…?（= What do you think of…? = How do you like…?） 你认为……怎么样/你怎样看待……？（ 用于询问对方对事物的观点或看法。）
语法聚焦（过去完成时 一、用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。
二、构成： had+ 过去分词 had not（hadn't ） + 过去分词
三、时间状语：by the end of, by the time / when / before＋从句（一般过去时） 巩固提升
1. When I got there, the bus _______________ （go）.
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher _________________（start）teaching. 3. We _________________（learn）over 1,000 words by the end of last term. 4. I _________________（clean）the room before he arrived here. ( ) 5. He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone ( )
6. What _____ Jane _____ by the time her parents came back home? A. did; do B. has; done C. did; did D. had; done ( ) 7. I _____ 900 English words by the time I was ten.
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt ( ) 8. She _____ lived here for _____ years.
A. had; a few B. has; several C. had; a lot of D. has; a great deal of ( ) 9. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already. A. had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked ( ) 10. She said she ______ the principle already A. has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 参考答案
◆句子重难点解析
1. ①is full of ②is filled with / is full of ③C 2. ①had left ②C ③A 3. ①D ②A 4. B 5. ① B ②D 6. A 7. ①B ②D 8. ①B ② to come ③ B ④ B ⑤ D
9. ① D ② B ③ D ④ on show ⑤ The film on show ⑥ to show off ⑦ show off ⑧
show me around ⑨ showed me his 10. C
11. quickly as possible / as quickly as it can. 12. ① C ② A
13. ① married her daughter to ② got/were married ③ Bill married Mary ④ B ◆巩固提升
1. had gone 2. had started 3. had learnt/learned 4. had cleaned 5-10 ADCBAD
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!
一．短语归纳
be full of 充满 close down 关闭 play a part in 扮演角色 clean up 打扫卫生 cut down 减少 instead of 代替
make a difference 起作用，有影响 used to 过去常…… lead to 通往…… hear of 听说
be harmful to …对……有害 the food chain 食物链
at the top of 在……顶部或顶端 turn off 关掉 take part in 参加 pay for 付费；付出代价 take action 采取行动 throw away 扔掉；抛弃
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物 pull…down 拆下；摧毁
turn upside down 上下颠倒；倒转 set up 建起，成立 bring sb. Back to 使想起 be known for 因……而闻名
二．用法集萃
1.It used to be so clean. 它过去是那么干净。
2.Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up. 我们镇上的每个人都应该尽一份力把这条河清理干净。 3.The air has become really polluted around here.
这附近的空气被严重污染了。
4.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染， 我们应该乘公汽或地铁，而不要开车。 5.It doesn‟t cost anything. 它不耗费任何东西。
6.But in fact, around 70 millon sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. 但事实上，每年大约七千万条鲨鱼被抓来用作商业交易。
7.The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. 有些种类的鲨鱼数量在过去的二三十年里，下降了百分之九十以上。
8.So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? 到目前为止，没有科学研究证明显示鱼翅对健康有益， 所以为什么要吃呢？ 9.Recycling paper is really easy. 回收再利用纸很容易。
10.But it‟s hard to stop riding in cars. 但是停止开小汽车是很难的。 11.We shouldn‟t use paper napkins . 我们不该用餐巾纸。
12.Turn off the lights when you leave a room. 当你离开房间时关掉灯。
13.Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use？ 你曾经考虑过怎样能充分利用这些东西吗？ 14.Amy isn‟t the only one who is good at recycling. 艾米并不是唯一善于回收利用的人
15.She has been doing this for a few years now. 她做这事已经有好几年了。
16.Not only can the art bring happiness to others，but it also shows that even cold，hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity.
艺术不仅能带给别人快乐，而且也说明了只需要一点创造力，即使是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可以产生活力。 巧记歌诀： 1.“花费”用法口诀
花费四词各家聚，认准人物谁主语； in，on就跟spend去，for在pay后不客气； cost物前人后移，It takes…to do在一起。 1.被动语态
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟， 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade7.
一．短语归纳
do a survey 做调查
play the keyboard 演奏电子乐器 help sb. With sth. 帮助某人做…… win a prize 获奖 in a row 连续几次地 take a break 休息
be patient with sb. 对某人耐心 work out 算出， 解决好
no matter how 无论怎样 do better in 在……做得更好 because of 因为
put in more effort 付出更多的努力 go shopping 去购物
look back at 回首（往事）；回忆；回顾 make a mess 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂） keep one‟s cool 沉住气；保持冷静 prepare for 为……做准备 senior high (school) 高中
go by （时间）逝去；过去 believed in 信任；信赖 look forward to 盼望 be thirsty for 渴望；渴求
be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激 first of all 首先
ahead of 在……前面
along with 连同；除……以外还
be responsible for 对……有责任;负责任 set out 出发；启程
be responsible for 对……感到骄傲 give up 放弃
make mistakes 犯错误 separate from 分离；隔开 二．用法集萃
1.I remember meeting this group of friends . 我记得见过这群朋友。
Do you have any special memories?
你有什么特别的记忆吗？
She helpd you to work out the answer yourself no matter how diffcult they were. 无论问题多么难，她都会帮助你让你自己找到答案。
Because of her , I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
因为她，我付出了更多的努力， 并且我的考试分数也增长了一倍。 Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher. 有人被一位老师建议停止跑步休息一会儿。
6．Looking back at these past three years, I remember many things. 回顾过去的三年，我记得许多事情。 7. I can‟t believe it‟s been 3 years. 我不相信已经三年了。 8.I‟m trying to keep my cool. 我在尽力保持冷静。
9.I can‟t believe how fast the time went by! 我不相信时间过得这么快！ What do you hope to do in the future? 你未来想要做什么？
How have you changed since you started junior high school? 自你上中学以来，你发生了怎样的变化？
You were all so fulll of energy and thirsty for knowledge. 那时候的你们都是那么充满活力，渴求知识。
13．Never fail to be thankful to the people around you. 永远不要忘记感激你周围的人。
14.But along with difficulties , there will also be many exciting things waiting for you.
但是伴随着困难，也将会有许多令人兴奋的事情在等着你们。
15.As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn‟t forget where you came from. 在新的旅行启程之际，不应忘了你来自何处。 巧记歌诀
后跟动名词做宾语的动词（词组）
喜欢（enjoy）不断（keep）提建议（suggest），
盼望（look forward to）习惯（be used to）却完毕（finish）， 想要（feel like ）花费（spend）去练习（practice）， 忍不住（can‟t help）还介意（mind）
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