大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷37 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1.8 billion because of this. For these reasons, the Danish government decided to get rid of the tax after only one year. However, many doctors say that one year is not long enough to know if the tax helped Danish citizens’ health. They claim that the Danish government is worried more about the economy than it is about the Danish people. But even though the tax did not work in Denmark, some countries have not given up on the idea. The United Kingdom and France are thinking of trying similar taxes, and Hungary has already put a tax on fatty foods.
11． What is one way governments are trying to make people healthier? A．By promoting low-fat versions of many popular foods. B．By forcing them to pay more for certain kinds of food. C．By decreasing the amount of sugar allowed in products.
D．By creating laws concerning how much people are allowed to eat.
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。在很多国家，为了使本国的人民吃得更健康．政府正在准备增加不健康食物的消费税，以减少人们对这些食物的购买。本题的答案可以从文章的第一段得出．“governments are trying to get citizens to eat more healthily…One way in which governments are trying to do this is by increasing taxes on foods that areunhealthy．”即促使人们在买这些食物的时候多花钱，故选B。其他三项文中都没有提及。 知识模块：仔细阅读
12． Dairy farmers in Denmark______.
A．felt that they were being made to produce too many products B．were worried that the government was planning to ban cheese C．argued that their products are healthier than the government said D．admitted that their products contained an unhealthy amount of fat
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。该细节在文章的第二段，“Danish dairy farmers felt that the govemment was wrong to say that the foods they produce are unhealthy．Cheese，for example，contains a lot of fat，but it does not seem to lead to health problems in the wayother kinds of fat do．”即他们认为他们生产的食物不是不健康的．故选C。 知识模块：仔细阅读
13． What was one result of taxing foods that have a lot of fat? A．Many people avoided paying the tax by shopping abroad. B．Many people began eating traditional Danish food.
C．It made healthy foods like fruit and vegetables cost more.
D．It caused people in Germany and Sweden to spend less money.
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。该细节在文章的第三段，“Since these could not be bought in Denmark at reasonable prices，many Danish people began shopping in nearbycountries．”即他们离不开这些食物，只能去邻国买这些产品。故A符合题意。 知识模块：仔细阅读
14． Many doctors think that the Danish government______. A．could have ended the tax on fats much sooner
B．is more concerned about money than the health of its citizens
C．has enough information to see if taxes on unhealthy foods are effective D．should ask other countries to make laws against selling fatty foods
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。医生的看法可以在文章的最后一段找到，“many doctors say thatone year is not long enough to know if the tax helped Danish citizens’health…Theyclaim that the Danish government is worried more about the economy than it is about theDanish people．”即他们认为政府考虑经济多些，而不是人民的健康，故与B相符。 知识模块：仔细阅读
15． Which of the following statement is true?
A．Some people think that making healthy foods cheaper would work better than a tax.
B．Health experts say that we should eat more dairy products than other foods. C．Some kinds of fruit and vegetables are as unhealthy as meat. D．Many people buy unhealthy foods to avoid paying high taxes.
正确答案：A 解析：细节题。“Such critics believe that the government should instead try to makehealthy foods，such as vegetables，cheaper．”即不该多收不健康食物的税，而应该降低健康食物的价格，故A正确。而文中健康专家说“we need to consider each foodseparately and not simply worry about how much fat it contains”．并没有说奶制品更健康，故B错误。文中没有提到水果和蔬菜不健康，故C错误。D与文意相反，不健康的食物有更高的税，人们为了避开交税而不会买不健康的食物，故选A。 知识模块：仔细阅读
Though it now seems merely an episode in the last year of World War I, the influenza pandemic of the autumn of 1918 was one of the three greatest outbreaks of disease in history. Only the plague of Justinian and the Black Death compare with it. A quarter of the world’ s population was affected; all in all, it killed 22 million people, almost twice as many as were killed in the war itself. In India, more people died from influenza in a few months than had died from cholera in twenty years. In the United States, half a million people died. Through centuries, the course of epidemics has run from east to west. The 1918 influenza epidemic followed this pattern, reaching
America last. Traditionally, Asia has been the matrix of disease, almost as though there existed, in the vastness of Mongolia, a permanent focus of infection which would erupt periodically into the rest of the world. Some doctors maintained that the influenza was introduced by Chinese labor battalions that landed on the coast of France. Some attributed it to Russian soldiers arriving from Vladivostock. Others thought it might have developed in Spain from an earlier bronchitis which was so prevalent during the spring that the name “Spanish” was given to the autumn influenza. There was even one tenuous theory that the disease sprang into being in an isolated Georgia training camp during the winter of 1917 and migrated westward until it had circumnavigated the earth. Influenza is still a mysterious disease. No one yet knows whether it is one virus or several, why it occurs in cycle, or how and where it lies dormant between epidemics. There are theories of weather, theories of the wearing off of group immunity, and even a theory of determination by economic circumstances. The most generally held current explanation is, however, that a pandemic like that of 1918 arises when a new and explosive strain of virus develops through a spontaneous process of mutation or renewal.
16． What is this article mainry about? A．The Black Plague.
B．The flu epidemic of 1918. C．The plague of Justinian. D．All epidemics.
正确答案：B
解析：主旨题。短文第一段第一句“Though it now seems merely an episode in thelast year of World War I．the influenza pandemic of the autumn of 1918 was one of thethree greatest outbreaks of disease in history”指出文章的主题．即短文主要是讲theinfluenza pandemic of 1918，与选项B吻合，故选B。 知识模块：仔细阅读
17． Which of the following is true of the epidemic of 1918? A．It was one of the three greatest outbreaks of disease in history. B．It affected a quarter of the world’ s population.
C．It was the greatest outbreak of disease in the history of man. D．Both A and B.
正确答案：D
解析：细节题。根据短文第一段中“the influenza pandemic of the autumn of 1918was one of the three greatest outbreaks of disease in history”可知选项A符合短文表述：根据“A quarter of the world’s population was affected”可知选项B也符合短文表述，故选项D正确。选项C在文中没有涉及。 知识模块：仔细阅读
18． Which of the following is a result of the 1918 epidemic? A．22 million people died.
B．22 million Americans died.
C．Half as many people died as were killed in World War I. D．As many people died as were killed in World War I.
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。短文第一段指出“all in all，it killed 22 million people,almost twiceas many as were killed in the war itself”，故选项A正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读
19． Through the centuries, the course of epidemics has been_____. A．from west to east B．from north to south C．from east to west D．haphazard
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。根据短文第二段第一句“Through centuries，the course of epidemicshas run from east to west．”故选项C正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读
20． The word “mutation”(Line 6, Para. 3)means______. A．development B．evolution C．cultivation D．transformation
正确答案：D
解析：词汇题。通过理解上下文，从相近的词语中猜测词义。文中提到了“mutation or renewal”故可知renewal便是它的近义词，意为“突变，演变”，D选项也表示这个意思，故选D。 知识模块：仔细阅读
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